Excerpts

The relative abundance of Ruminococcus was positively correlated with osteoclastic indices, and Roseburia showed an increasing trend after osteoporosis-modeling OVX resection [ 40 ].

The PAL, 4CL, and C4H enzyme activities showed an increasing trend after the TKL100 coating. 3.6.3.

From Figure 6 , it can be seen that the overall acidity of both raw milk and pasteurized milk showed an increasing trend during storage.

The data of Table 7 showed that under the same cultivation conditions, the spore yield per unit of UV119 increased 26.67% more in the first growth cycle than that of “Longzhi No.1”; in the second-growth cycle, the former was nearly 10 fold higher than the latter, which indicated that UV119 had an extremely significant trait of high spore yield. 4.

The TF content showed a decreasing trend with prolonged storage of Qingpi, which was also observed in Chenpi and broccoli during storage [ 23 , 40 ].

While the differences in the cellular fraction calculated based on PSDs are not statistically significant ( p < 0.05) for different cooking times, an increasing trend of the cellular fraction with the increasing cooking times was observed for the cellular yield obtained based on wet sieving.

During storage, T 23 of the samples in the treatment group generally showed a trend of rising first and then declining, while A 23 was significantly different from the control group ( p < 0.05), which was due to the rupture of the cell membrane during storage and the increase of membrane permeability [ 22 ].

The total bacterial count of all samples exhibited an increasing trend with prolonging storage time.

Even though an increasing trend in glycemic concentration was quite evident, the difference between groups was quite narrow, with a significant difference only observed between the control and T5 groups.

A similar effect, with an increasing trend of G′ was observed by Cadesky et al.

It was presumed there might be significant influence from environmental contamination of harvested beef from the processing facilities; perhaps seeking beef from sources that are more geographically dispersed might highlight greater differences between the taxa.

Second, the temperature of the oven floor at direct contact of each pizza showed a decreasing trend, that was accurately simulated by using a quadratic regression equation with coefficients of determination (r 2 ) ranging from 0.98 to 0.99.

There is an increasing trend in the manufacture and consumption of yogurt in the 21st century.

The relative contents of these aldehydes increased at the end of frying, and with the extension of frying time, the relative contents of (E)-2-heptenal, (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal, (E)-2-octenal, (E)-2-decenal, and (E,E)-2,4-decadienal showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and these enaldehydes and dienaldehydes were related to a pleasant deep-fried flavor.

The trends of the three oil samples were generally consistent, showing a decreasing trend, and the total phenol content of the three oil samples was close to each other at 24 h, the results are consistent with the trend in Kasprzak et al.

With the extension of frying time, volatile flavor compounds showed an increasing trend, especially saturated aldehydes and acid compounds such as hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, hexanal, and nonanal.

Table 1 also shows an overall trend of an increasing number of marine pollution research studies from South Africa in the assessed period (2012–2022), peaking in 2020 at a total of 23 published papers.

Either continuously adding hesperetin into the PPO solution ( Figure 2 D) or continuously adding PPO into the hesperetin solution ( Figure 2 E), the added hesperetin did not react completely with PPO (and vice versa), so that free hesperetin or PPO existed in the system; the concentration profile of the PPO–hesperetin complex always showed an increasing trend.

As the concentration of ALA increased, the PL content showed a trend of increasing first, and then, decreasing.

It is evident that under 25 °C storage conditions, the score of the principal component and stepwise regression showed a decreasing trend with the increase in storage days, indicating that the higher the score of the principal component and stepwise regression, the fresher the duck eggs.

A decreasing trend was observed in sucrose and the reducing sugars (glucose and fructose) in both 90 and 50% coloring fruits with no significant difference ( p < 0.05) among treatments.

Among them, there was a highly significant positive correlation ( p ≦ 0.01 or even p ≦ 0.001) between some of the individual anthocyanins; between total soluble solid (TSS) and hexose, between pH and fructose, between TAC and fructose, between glucose and fructose, between esters and high alcohols, between terpenes and Mv-ac, and between terpenes and aldehydes and ketones were all highly significant positive correlations ( p ≦ 0.01).

As shown in Figure 4 B, the phospholipid content showed a decreasing trend with increasing roasting temperature, possibly stemming from the increased destruction of peanut tissues and the release of various endogenous enzymes, including esterases and phospholipases.

The rate of residual oil in the aqueous and solid phases showed a trend of slight reduction followed by a sharp increase with increasing roasting temperature ( Figure 2 A).

There seems to be a slight trend towards a decrease in free amino groups with fermentation for 12 h, probably due to the early assimilation of available nitrogen by both LAB and yeasts, followed by a slight increase, which could point towards some limited hydrolysis of the proteins.