Excerpts

S 9 and S 10 ) that influential genes are enriched in complex-disease-related genes, while this enrichment is nonsignificant or marginally significant in the case of Mendelian disease genes.

P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.001 were considered significant (* or a ), very significant (** or aa ) and extremely significant (*** or aaa ), respectively.

Cd4 − Cd8a + selection intermediates expressed slightly less Cd69, Egr1 and Itm2a , (but not Nr4a1 ) than Cd4 + Cd8a − selection intermediates, but differences in TCR signalling gene expression between subsets of selection intermediates were minor compared to the highly significant changes from pre-selection DP to selection intermediates (Fig. 3a ).

MHC class II −/− selection intermediates showed a notable trend for increased expression of the IL7R downstream gene Gimap3 as well as Runx1 and Runx3 as potential mediators of coreceptor switching from Cd4 + Cd8a − to Cd4 − Cd8a + (refs. 4 , 20 , 22 ).

Furthermore, we found a decrease in AP half-width and there was, though not significant, an increasing trend in the dF/dI, which are in line with decreasing AP half-width and increasing maximum firing frequency reported in developing dentate gyrus PV cells 38 .

However, SR3335 significantly inhibited the expression of IL-17A in the human memory T H 17 cultures but did not quite reach significance in the T H 17.1 cultures.

2f, g , respectively, displaying a clear trend of higher RhO x extent for increasing SDP and SEP.

Comparing the proportion of genes under positive selection between the branches with dual changes and branches with host–plant shifts only shows a marginally significant difference with Dataset 1 and no difference with Dataset 2 ( P = 0.0327/0.1471 for the two datasets, respectively, Wilcoxon rank-sum test; Fig. 4d and Supplementary Fig.

The dN/dS analyses on branches with host–plant shifts (combined or not with environmental shifts) showed more genes with a subset of codons evolving under positive selection (dN/dS > 1) in lineages shifting to a new plant family, although the difference was marginally non-significant for the smallest dataset and highly significant for the second dataset containing more genes (Fig. 4b , Supplementary Fig.

The amplitude starts to increase after t = 7.64 s (with an unidentified small T e drop event), and it shows an increasing trend before the disruption at t = 7.673 s and remains significant for the stochastic period.

By contrast, a clear trend is identified with respect to the relative energetic position of the CT state and the C 60 T 1 38 , 39 .

Functional annotation by DAVID uncovered a highly significant enrichment of RUNX1/RUNX1T1 binding at gene loci that are subject to alternative splicing and splice variants (false discovery rate adjusted p -value or q -value, 4.0 × 10 −23 and 1.5 × 10 −12 , respectively; Supplementary Fig. 1a , Supplementary Data 2 ) 24 .

The highly significant association ( p -SKAT = 1e–24, p -burden = 1e–29) supported the use of UK Biobank data, and we subsequently investigated the aggregate effect of rare variants in the UK Biobank on 791 binary disease outcomes (Methods).

The expression of Numb showed a trend towards higher levels in Ltbr −/− HSCs compared to Ly5.1 HSCs (Supplementary Fig. 5 ).

The effect sizes in the general population may be somewhat exaggerated as the BCAC dataset used here contributed to the discovery of most of the loci, although this effect is likely to be small as most loci are highly significant and the effects have been replicated in independent datasets 7 .

Strikingly, serum IL-1β levels were significantly increased in mice exposed to fructose, and an increasing trend of IL-6 and TNF was observed (Fig. 7I ).

Notably, the depletion signal was centered around the CH DMRs, whereas no other diseases (with the exception of bipolar disorder) nor chimpanzee-specific regions showed a significant trend (Fig. 4a ), implying that CH hypermethylated genomic regions are devoid of common DNA polymorphisms associated specifically with schizophrenia.

The PNA pattern has had a positive trend throughout the satellite era (i.e., since 1979; Fig. 1c ) and the spatial pattern of Arctic SIC change that is correlated with PNA change (Fig. 1b ) is very similar to the overall pattern of the SIC trends (Fig. 1a ), with the fastest sea-ice decline over the western Arctic (including the Beaufort, Chukchi and East Siberian seas).

Zeta potential measurements showed a trend in accordance with particle size; that is, the variations in the zeta potential of bare PLGA and PLGA-PVA NPs were more obvious than those of PLGA-PEG and PLGA-PDA NPs (Fig. 4d ), which confirmed that bare PLGA and PLGA-PVA NPs are more likely to bond with mucin.

In addition, one species showed a trend for receiving less interactions, one species for more interactions, respectively (Fig. 1a ).

Confidence intervals are provided using parametric and non-parametric (bootstrapping by sampling with replacement) methods for the linear regressions and Theil–Sen estimates, while linear regressions of the STL long-term trend was employed to provide an overall trend and confidence interval.

Consistent with these data, A-PHLPP2 mice showed a trend towards lower RER (Supplementary Fig. 3f ).

Hence, strategies that reduce treatment failure through tumor escape would be highly significant.

9 ) could (significantly or close to significance) separate PPI-treated H. pylori -negative patients from untreated H. pylori -negative patients along PC2 and PC15 (p-value along PC2 = 0.014, p -value along PC15 = 0.054).

Only MAGs from phyla Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia increased in abundance in response to warming, while remaining taxa did not show a clear trend.