Excerpts

We considered a SNP-lipid association to be validated if (i) the SNP was significantly associated ( P < 5 × 10 −8 ) in the unadjusted BHS discovery GWAS; (ii) the direction of effect was concordant between the validation meta-analysis and the BHS discovery analysis; and (iii) the association was nominally significant ( P < 0.05; less conservative) or reached the Bonferroni significance threshold ( P < 2.34 × 10 −5 ) in the validation meta-analysis.

Although, we did not observe an exact replication, one variant (rs561732; p = 0.0012; beta = 0.006) was nearly significant after correction for multiple testing (Bonferroni correction for 47 SNPs; p = 0.05).

Of those, 38,776 (95%) showed the same direction of effect, 33,128 (81%) also had a nominally significant p value ( p < 0.05), and 25,544 (63%) had an FDR-adjusted p < 0.05 in the BLUEPRINT data (Fig. 1b , Supplementary Data 1 ).

Using significant meQTLs on chromosome 1, analyses using only African American samples ( N = 112) showed that 99.91% of the meQTLs were directionally consistent with the full analysis, with 92% marginally significant ( P < 0.05) and 66% genome-wide significant (FDR < 0.01) in the smaller sample size and an overall sharing of π 1 = 0.995.

A subset of 80/233 (34.3%) FDR significant associations also were nominally significant in at least one population of non-European ancestry ( p value <0.05; Supplementary Data 13 , 14 ).

We defined a variant’s eGFRcrea association as validated by eGFRcys/BUN when we observed a directionally consistent, nominally significant association with eGFRcys and/or BUN ( P < 0.05, same effect direction for eGFRcys and/or opposite effect direction for BUN).

In 23andMe research cohort, 45 out of 51 lead SNPs available (88.2%) replicated with a consistent direction of effect at a Bonferroni corrected significance threshold of 9.8 × 10 −4 ( P -value = 0.05/51) and additional 2 SNPs were nominally significant ( P < 0.05) (Table 1 and Supplementary Fig. 4 ).

We found 99.3% (5442/5478) of the FDR significant associations also had a nominally significant ( p ≤ 0.05) association in the Spearman rank test (Fig.

increasing brain activity with stronger placebo response, did not reach statistical significance ( p < 0.05, FWER corrected, pTFCE).

None of these variants were genome-wide significant in either the sporadic or multiple consecutive miscarriage analysis, and only 14 (4.2%) and 11 (3%) were nominally significant ( P < 0.05) in the respective analyses (Supplementary Data 4 ), which is less than expected by chance (5%).

While only variants with P < 5 × 10 −8 were considered significant, to also identify suggestive variants for supplementary results, in each clump, index SNPs had a suggestive association based on P < 1×10 −6 , and SNPs were added if they were marginally significant with P < 0.05, were within 500 kb of the index SNP, and had r 2 > 0.1 with the index SNP.

We focused on the enriched cytokine/receptor interactions in severe-stage COVID-19 patients and selected the cytokine/receptor interactions associated with highly significant ( P value < 0.05) cell–cell interaction pairs in the severe stage compared to the remission stage and healthy individuals.

Furthermore, substantially more AAM signals showed at least nominally significant associations (GWAS P < 0.05) with relatively early (102, 31.1%) or relatively late facial hair (152, 46.3%) compared to ~16 expected by chance for each outcome (Supplementary Data 1 ).

To determine CNV enrichment, we only considered loci that were nominally significant between the comparative groups ( P < 0.05).

2a ), and 53 showed nominally significant associations in the CKDGen cohorts alone ( p < 0.05; Supplementary Data 4 ).

Among these 38 genes, 13 replicated at a Bonferroni significance level (Logistic Regression p < 0.0013) with directions of effect consistent with the discovery findings in a cohort of unrelated, non-Hispanic white Kaiser Permanente health plan members (6653 PrCa cases, 30,121 controls), and an additional six were nominally significant ( p < 0.05; Table 1 ).

Correspondingly, there is a positive trend between the larger particle-size MP findings (MP > 10 μm) and the number of Northern African trajectories in each sample period (Log10(MP > 10 μm) r = 0.8, P < 0.05).

We evaluated how well independent pQTLs reported by the INTERVAL study 9 ( n = 3301) replicated in our results and found 75.6% to be both directionally consistent and nominally significant ( P < 0.05) (Supplementary Note 2 and Supplementary Figs. 6 and 7 ).

The dust-induced RF in SSP126 shows a slightly increasing trend ( p < 0.05 from the MK test) that switches to a slightly decreasing trend ( p < 0.05 from the MK test) if future dust deposition remains at the historical value (Fig.

We note that although APOE has previously been identified as a AD TWAS gene in microglia 83 , we did not highlight it in our scTWAS results because it did not pass Stage 1 screening, despite nominally significant Stage 2 associations in proliferate, surveilling, and reacting microglia (nominal p -values < 0.05).

In stage 2, we examined the 28 lead SNPs from stage 1 in the Asian-specific meta-analysis ( n = 8107) and found that 16, including the novel lead SNPs within or close to ADAMTS8 and DCN , were significant after Bonferroni correction ( P ≤ 1.79 × 10 −3 , 0.05/28), further three other SNPs including the two novel close to STAG1 and NDUFAF6 were nominally significant ( P < 0.05).

For the ΔHR ex trait, published resting HR SNPs at four loci were genome-wide significant ( SOX5 , RNF220 , SYT10 and PPIL1 ), while 25 additional loci were nominally significant (5 × 10 −8 < P < 0.05; Supplementary Data 2 ).

Although nest site showed a significantly positive Mantel correlation ( P < 0.01), the positive correlation showed no or only marginally significant differences from neutral model simulations ( P = 0.05; Fig. 3b ; Supplementary Table 1 ).

The primary qualitative difference between the GLMs with and without choices as additional parametric modulator was that in the GLM including choices the DMPFC cluster related to lower choice uncertainty of the optimal policy failed to reach significance with FWE correction for multiple comparisons at p < 0.05 (with a cluster-defining threshold of p < 0.001; cf.

ClinVar data were downloaded as VCF (accessed 02.05.2022) and filtered for nominally significant single variants ( P < 0.05 in any phenotype model).