Excerpts

A comparison of the NAO in RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 reveals no obvious NAO trend in the former, but a small trend towards more positive in the latter, such that the ensemble mean trend is about 0.4 standard deviation over 75 years.

The interaction term between forest loss and taxa type (Model 3) was marginally significant (Table 2 ) with elevational range shifts being lower in magnitude for plants than for animals under high forest loss (Supplementary Fig. 1 ).

When superimposed together, a clear trend can be seen where the slope of the relationship between in vitro and in vivo measurements increases with increasing growth rate (Fig. 1h ).

All the P 1–4 curves represent a decreasing trend in the θ ° ( d ) dependence, and lie between 1/ d 2 and 1/ d 4 power laws.

A decreasing trend of –0.016 ± 0.009 Pg C year –2 over the 15 year period (1999–2014) in GFED data implies that after 15 years the emissions have reduced by 0.24 ± 0.14 Pg C year –1 .

OSS, but not soft matrix exposure also led to highly significant enrichment of upregulated genes associated with metabolic processes.

We found several associations in important gene sets that were near significance in this study, particularly in genes near GWAS peaks (Supplementary Data 3 , Supplementary Fig. 7 ).

P values were calculated, when P ≥ 0.05 represents no significant difference, P < 0.05 represents a significant difference, and P < 0.01 represents a highly significant difference.

CsSAG12-1 and CsAALP also showed a trend of increased expression in response to SA treatment, although the induction was not statistically significant.

Most of the analyses actually showed a weak marginally significant/insignificant positive latitude-diversification rate trend (i.e., higher diversification rates outside the tropics).

This observation is in agreement with a decreasing trend observed previously for elastic constants as a function of H / S 56 .

Therefore, the potential energy barrier for inducing the structural changes is likely to be significant.

P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant (*) and P < 0.01 as highly significant (**).

We made further important observations regarding the WHRadjBMI-derived variants: (iv) All 53 WHRadjBMI-derived variants had nominally significant effects on WHR ( P WHR < 0.05, i.e., no spurious associations, weakest WHR association observed in GIANT P WHR = 7.5 × 10 −3 , Supplementary Data 1 ).

1b and 2g ); and the total cholesterol (TCh) and low-density lipoproteins-cholesterol (LDL-c) also showed a decreasing trend (Fig. 2h, i ).

In addition, echocardiography showed an increasing trend in the left ventricular wall and myocardial contractility as evidenced by a greater ejection fraction and fractional shortening in the hyperinsulinemic monkeys at 40 months of follow-up studies (Fig. 2k, l ).

Consequently, there is an important trend toward the adoption of 3D cell culture systems 22 , 30 , 31 that is driving the need for new imaging approaches that can support volumetric imaging of microscale spatial variations in ECM mechanics across time.

The data were ordered such that a z C > 0 indicates an increasing trend while a z C < 0 indicates a decreasing trend.

Remarkably, analysis of ITGB3 and ADAR1 expression levels in 38 low-passage patient-derived metastatic melanoma cultures shows a highly significant negative correlation (Fig. 2a ).

This finding is corroborated by a generalized linear model showing a highly significant effect of the alien Jaccardian index and its highly significant interaction with the alien foraging efficiency (Table 3 ).

This analysis revealed a highly significant increase of some Met(O) peptides compared to Met peptides of ATP synthase subunit β on oligomer treatment.

This is because vesicles with a size comparable to the wavelength of light, i.e., sizes > 1/10 the wavelength of light, stop acting like point particles and show a decreasing trend in scattering intensity with increasing volume 29 at the scattering angle used for measurements (90 ° ).

However, mAb treatment tended to oppose age-related changes in 30 of these metabolites (22 marginally significant after FDR correction), including a reduction in the age-related rise of many glycerophospholipids, and a distinct clustering of metabolites from heart tissue in Old Con versus Old mAb-treated animals by PCA (Supplementary Fig. 5 ), resulting in a more youthful metabolomic signature in heart.

By focusing on interactions in regions of borderline significant genetic associations, we were able to identify potentially physiologically relevant target genes of GWAS SNPs through functional rather than proximity considerations.

Similarly, human MDMs in which NOD2 was silenced showed a trend towards an increased phagocytosis (Fig. 8e ).