Excerpts

However, the data in Fig 2 hints at the potential for a negative trend.

Another study assessing the health status of Iranian pilgrims before departing for Hajj over different years showed an increasing trend of diabetes prevalence from 2.44% in 2004 to 8.31% in 2008 [ 18 ].

There is an increasing trend in the use of industrial waste materials like fly ash, silica fume, and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) for manufacturing AACs [ 23 – 27 ].

In the sentence "Of course, even if those small effect sizes are made detectable, the debate about whether such effects matter will likely continue.", consider rephrasing to "Of course, even if those small effect sizes are detected, the debate about whether such effects are practically significant will likely continue." 7.

These MLR models are statistically highly significant, but only generate modest r 2 values within a range of 0.02 to 0.13 for global prediction of protein expression in the absence of mRNA expression data or nutritional deficiency.

For all 10 pairwise comparisons, the correlation was positive, and highly significant, ranging from 0.31 to 0.58 ( Fig 6C ).

Through this research, we successfully identified 10 highly significant SNPs associated with five QTLs for salt tolerance at the seed germination stage.

However, after 5 days, the amount of dissolved P showed a decreasing trend.

This suggests although there may be a weak trend of higher Gleason scores being associated with increased CTC counts, the relationship is not strong enough to be concluded from this dataset.

While the different classes of bioclimatic suitability for arabica coffee production indicated varied extent and direction of change by 2040, the overall bioclimatic suitability in Ethiopia depicted an increasing trend based on both models, which is 10.9% and 7.4% for CCSM2 and HadGEM2, respectively.

We find that the test for a single threshold F 1 is highly significant with a bootstrap p-value of 0.000, and the test for a double threshold F 2 is strongly significant, with bootstrap p-value of 0.003.

Similarly, while Indo-Pacific massive Porites skeletal density has been reported as either inversely correlated to calcification [ 79 ] or not significantly correlated at all [ 83 , 85 ], we observed a weakly significant positive relationship for the corals at the mid and outer sites, and a significant negative relationship for the nearshore corals ( Fig 5E and S5 Table ).

As the spatial frequency increased, both IOLs demonstrated a decreasing trend, occasionally crossing paths.

In the experimental group treated with the autophagy inhibitor CQ, LC3II/LC3I and Beclin-1 were significantly decreased, while P62 was increased compared to that in the CBZ/HSR group, and Atg12-Atg5 showed a trend of decreasing, indicating that CBZ treatment promoted autophagy activation ( Fig 5 ).

However, these were significantly not different (Z 0.25, p value 0.80).

While our findings on prescription patterns in UTI treatment suggest a clear trend towards a greater guideline adherence in recent years, further antibiotic stewardship interventions should be undertaken to further improve guideline adherence.

For the models assessing unmet needs due to unaffordability of medical care, dental care and prescribed medicines the full model was retained based on highly significant p-values from the LRtest and lower AIC values.

However, the results were at best borderline significant and the effect size was small.

Significant p-values (p<0.05) are highlighted in red, while marginally significant values are shown in orange.

Fig 5 shows that all ISIs show a decreasing trend in amplitude, which is due to habituation after repeated stimuli [ 30 , 31 ].

However, an increasing trend of alcohol outlets and the density of outlets were observed in 2014.

Age group analysis showed a decreasing trend in median relative HGS with increasing age (p for trend < 0.001).

Among females, the unadjusted ORs were 0.56 (95% CI: 0.48–0.67) and 0.48 (95% CI: 0.32–0.71) (P for trend < 0.0001), but the adjusted model did not show a significant trend, with ORs of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.66–1.09) and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.34–1.34) (P for trend = 0.1087).

A 2-sided p <0.05 was considered nominally significant with no adjustment for multiple testing.

Although this reduction did not reach statistical significance compared to the Normal group, it exhibited a notable trend toward significance.