Excerpts

The increment in worldwide mean atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentration from the pre-industrialization era of 1850 to date has been estimated at 285–419 ppm 5 , 6 which is quite significant.

Therefore, the present results are consistent with previous results, although this was only an observed trend that was not statistically significant.

3 shows that the UCS has highly significant correlations with all the explanatory variables.

The color difference of dyed wool samples in Table 5 shows a significant trend of MR for light resistance because the ∆E of the dyed sample with MR was lower than that without the MR component (Samples 56, 61, and 66).

Previous PAH measurements in Singapore 7 reported ILCR values lower than the minimum acceptable level, with an increasing trend of potential high cancer risk to adults and children during haze conditions.

Overall, there is a general trend of decreasing Cl, Na, SO 4 and Sr with increasing distance from the west coast, whilst elements such as Fe, Ca, F and Si and isotopes such as δ 18 O, δ 13 C DIC and δ 13 C DOC do not show a clear trend (Fig. 5 e,h,i,k,l).

Moreover, there was a marginally significant increase in depressive symptoms from the first to the second assessment.

p Values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant, while p values between 0.1 and 0.05 were pointed out as a statistical trend.

While the number of colonies and honey production monotonously decreased in the United States, those in Canada show an increasing trend.

As presented in Table 2 , testing associations between schizotypal and psychopathic traits and MSIDT task performance revealed only one marginally significant correlation between schizotypal traits and behavioural reward processing, with the Disorganised dimension correlating with reduced response accuracy towards neutral stimuli, r s (132) = − 0.17, p = 0.045.

In under-median LD, there was a partially significant association between the divided categories, decreased incidence of low neonatal Apgar scores at 5 min and foetal acidosis in nulliparous women, and only UmA-pH < 7.2 in multiparous women without dose–response association (data not shown).

However, a slightly non-significant tendency of a decreased richness and diversity in naive patients compared to the controls was observed, along with a partial recovery after INSTIs-based treatments.

However, the p-values achieved from Cox regression analyses were less than 0.001 for age, sex, and their interaction; and there was a clear trend that the degree of BMI and childbirth correlate with the risk of idiopathic MH.

Weekly temporal evolution of ∆Ct NR over the study period evidenced three significant changes: a decreasing trend in ∆Ct NR was observed between weeks 20 and 30, ∆Ct NR then increased during weeks 37–41 and finally decreased again after week 49.

No regimen showed an obviously improvement than standard chemotherapy, although nivolumab was very close to statistical significance (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.5–1.06).

An increasing trend in the median age at menopause and regional differences for all the considered percentiles were found.

We did not find any study suggesting a negative trend in AaM.

In the case of PVP-mEVs, we saw an increasing trend for the CD81 marker in RT samples.

As can be observed in the pH range from 2 to 5, the RLS signal at the maximum had the intensity of ~ 200 a.u., which evidenced fairly significant aggregation effects.

Further, the cloth face mask had a slightly significant negative effect on exercise tolerance.

However, a marginally significant difference was found when stratified by age, where NFVA with habitual correction as measured by the SVC was better than that measured by the AS-28 in an elderly population (≥ 43 years old, median value of this population): 0.22 ± 0.20 logMAR with the AS-28, and 0.15 ± 0.14 logMAR with the SVC (P = 0.04).

When focusing on typical butyric acid producers like the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families 18 , one genus in the Ruminococcaceae family ( Anaerotruncus ) and five genera in the Lachnospiraceae family ( Lachnospiraceae UCG_003 , Eubacterium eligens group , Coprococcus , Lachnospiraceae CAG_56 and Ruminococcus gnavus group ) had nominally significant different abundance in patients and controls, but as the first four genera were more abundant in controls, and the latter two in patients, we could not show a consistent pattern (Supplemental Fig. 2 ).

Because the rate of increase in RPD area almost reached statistical significance, it was also included in the multivariate analysis to investigate the effect on late AMD after the other confounders were adjusted.

Nevertheless, we should point out that a slight trend was detected in the plot shown in Fig. 4 b indicating a sign of a small proportional bias ( \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$R^2$$\end{document} R 2 = 0.185) with SESC’s estimations along the ML axis.

As shown in Table 2 : Goods_coverage showed the species coverage detected in each sample was above 97%; there was no significant difference in the Chao1 and ACE indices between the samples, which reflected the species richness of the samples with different cultivation years had no significant change; meanwhile, the Shannon and Simpson indices of the samples showed a trend of declining with the cultivation year, which indicated the reduction of bacterial community diversity.