Excerpts

The numbers show an increasing trend since 2008, in line with what has been observed in many other countries 40 , 41 .

Occludin and Claudin-4 mRNA levels displayed a decreasing trend in DSS-treated Ch25h -deficient mice (Fig. 3 A).

ZO-2, Occludin, Claudin-1, Claudin-3 and Claudin-4 mRNA levels displayed an increasing trend in 25-HC- and DSS-treated mice compared to DSS-treated mice (Fig. 5 D).

An increasing trend in the R/G ratio for 7 days biofilm treatment was observed for the S-PRG eluate and the DW groups.

During the study period of 2002–2018, the temperature had an increasing trend in winter and autumn, and a negative trend in summer (effect of continuous variable year on temperature: in winter positive relationship r 2 = 0.09; in spring positive r 2 = 0.01; in summer negative r 2 = 0.09; in autumn positive r 2 = 0.1).

Results from this dissimilarity test suggest that multiple compound composition factors had only small effects on the microbial growth variables (average ANOSIM R ≈ 0.2) with borderline significance ( p ranged from 0.05 to 0.07).

It may be significant that the E. blochii diet was found to consist of about 93% teleost fishes, apparently of the family Clupeidae 25 , whereas other hammerhead species feed predominantly on stingrays, crabs, and other bottom-dwelling organisms 26 .

18 reveal a positive trend for the poleward moisture transport (2.6% per decade) and river runoff (1.8% per decade) under a warming climate scenario.

borbonica did not prevent from liver steatosis in our experimental conditions, and did not significantly decrease fasting blood glucose levels, a decreasing trend was observed (DIO vs CTRL: + 144.4% increase in fasting glycemia while DIO + A. borbonica vs CTRL: + 129% increase in fasting glycemia).

However, clothianidin had relatively weak effects at both concentrations for all variables measured, with a moderate and only marginally significant reduction in survival at the maximum concentration tested.

We found that the lifetime risks of ischemic stroke (CIR 18–84 ) have been decreasing for both genders over the last decade, while those for different subtypes of hemorrhagic stroke did not show such an obvious trend, especially among males with ICH and females with SAH (Fig. 2 ).

Previous US data showed a trend towards higher time to discontinuation of anti-PD-1 agents (pembrolizumab or nivolumab monotherapies) compared to combination therapy 7 , 9 .

A clear trend of increase in electrical conductivity with increasing pressure was observed, which is best attributed to creation of oxygen vacancies due to the mechanical stress in STO 26 .

However, there exists a negative trend in the number of heat event days in southern North China, where the downtrend is possibly reflected as a regional response to inter-decadal and inter-annual variability 35 , 36 .

Results indicate that number of drought days illustrates a decreasing trend in southeastern China and Northwest China from 1961 to 2018, while it shows an increasing trend in Southwest China and North China (Fig. 1 a).

We observed no significant trend in the standardized overall FL incidence rates (P-val = 0.34), a borderline significant decrease in the standardized FL incidence rate among males (P-val = 0.07), and a significant increase in the standardized incidence among females (P-val < 0.001) (see Fig. 1 B).

The women also showed a trend of significantly increased GC risk as the DII increased (p-value for trend = 0.007, 0.004 in Model 1, Model 2, respectively).

Postoperative MAE2, based on second measurement with reduced inter-ocular biometry difference, was smaller than that calculated using the first measurement (MAE1) with borderline significance in group D (MAE1, 0.49 ± 0.45 diopters vs.

The age-standardized DALYs rate of type 2 diabetes exhibited an increasing trend in overall income level regions, noticeably in the lower-middle-income regions (Fig. 3 D).

Although above the FDR cutoff of ≤ 0.1, many of the other MHC-II gene comparisons approached significance.

With the H3K27ac ChIP-Seq, the regions showing the most highly significant differences in left ventricular chromatin from WT and Uty GT mice concerned two MSY peaks, i.e. one in the first exon region of Uty (FDR = 1.3E − 27) and one in the first intron region of Ddx3y (FDR = 1.2E − 27) (Fig. 3 ).

A significant trend was also observed (P for trend = 0.025).

In contrast, the Industrial Era (IE: 1850–2012 CE) shows a clear trend from neutral to positive values (− 0.2 to 0.6) punctuated by large decadal oscillations (~ 2.5) during the second half.

3 g, where the average degree centrality shows an increasing trend.

The SDG Index and SWB have a highly significant correlation coefficient of 0.79.