Excerpts

The difference between significantly down-regulated genes on 22q11.2 compared with the number of significantly differentially expressed genes on the rest of chromosome 22 was highly significant (χ2 test p -value < 2.2e-16).

We observed a highly significant deviation from the expected distribution (Chi-squared test, p < 2.2 × 10 –16 ), indicating strong cell-type-specific expression patterns.

The Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test confirmed that these differences were highly significant ( p -value < 2.2 × 10 −16 ). 3.3.

Conservation and compensation of phosphosite loss by site-position turnover Surprisingly, despite the low level of site-conservation between paralogous proteins, there is a highly significant correlation in the number of phosphorylation sites between paralogs (ρ=0.35, P -value<2.2 × 10 −16 ; Figure 1B ).

We find a highly significant correlation (ρ = 0.15, P < 2.2 × 10 −16 ) ( Supplemental Fig.

This overall deficiency of heterozygotes was statistically highly significant ( t = 43.322, df = 33,234, p < 2.2e-16), and likely due to population subdivision (see results below).

SNPs rate at GRDs (rate = 0.053 synonymous SNPs per site) was 36% higher than this rate at GRSs (rate = 0.039 synonymous SNPs per site), and the difference was highly significant (Wilcoxon rank test: P < 2.2 × 10 −16 ).

When comparing the log 2 FCs obtained for all genes and contrasts between qRT-PCR and array we found a highly significant correlation (pearson correlation of r = 0.96, p = 2.2e -16 and an R 2 = 0.92).

The complete monotherapy rates for SGAs without other psychotropic medications in 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016 and 2021 were only 0.7%, 2.7%, 3.5%, 5.0% and 6.3%, respectively ( Table 1 ), with an increasing trend (χ2 = 37.6, df = 1, p = 9.0×10 −10 ). The rates of FGA use in 2001, 2006, 2011, 2016 and 2021 were 85.6%, 77.5%, 70.7%, 65.1% and 54.7%, respectively ( Table 1 and Figure 1A ), with a decreasing trend (χ2 = 190.2, df = 1, p < 2.2×10 −16 ).

Correlation between tests was highly significant for both tissue types, but stronger for leaf tissue (p <2.2 × 10 −16 ; r = 0.83) than cotyledons (p <2.2 × 10 −16 ; r = 0.72).

DNMT1-Dependent DNA Methylation in Adult Interneurons Affects Degradative Pathways In stark contrast to the comparison of the 18 months old genotypes, we determined a highly significant overlap ( P = 2.2E-16, Fisher’s Exact test for gene set enrichment analysis; odds ratio = 0.434) of 645 genes between young control and Dnmt1 knockout interneurons, which display significant differences in both DNA methylation and gene expression ( Pensold et al., 2020 ).

ST6GALNAC1 expression showed highly significant tumor–normal differences in both external datasets ( GSE71187 and GSE87211 ; Wilcoxon p < 2.2e − 16 in each; Fig. 13 A), providing the most consistent external expression evidence among the three model genes.

The ability of DEcode to predict global DE prior ranks was highly significant (P < 2.2e-16) and practically relevant (Spearman's rho = 0.53) ( Extended Data Figure 3a ).

We found that the correlation values were highly significant between them all ( Figure 1 , Pearson correlation coefficients of at least 0.95, p -value < 2.2 × 10 −16 ).

Comparison using a paired t-test for R s from the predictive model and their corresponding permutated variant indicated a highly significant difference between both model types ( p -value < 2.2 × 10 −16 across cases), indicating that these model predictions are extremely unlikely to be due to chance.

This is a highly significant (p < 2.2 × 10 −16 ) excess (see Materials and Methods), suggesting some concordance in signal at the individual gene level.

Bartlett’s test of sphericity was highly significant (χ2 = 362.49, df = 11, p < 2.2 × 10 −16 ), confirming that the correlation matrix was not an identity matrix and that the dataset had sufficient inter-variable relationships for factor analysis.

Similarly, the prevalence of typhoid was notably elevated in Bumbu (91.3%) compared to Bandal (77.4%), with a highly significant X 2 result ( p < 2.2 × 10 −16 ).

Additionally, we found 1753 highly significant H2A.Z peaks that were dependent on nrp1-1 nrp2-2 ( p -value < 2.2e-16) (Fig. 3c ).

Likelihood ratio tests reveal a large, highly significant effect of third chromosome line on phenotypic variation in bacterial load against all four bacteria ( S. marcescens : χ 2 = 128.42, d.f. = 1, P <2.2×10 -16 ; P. rettgeri : χ 2 = 263.88, d.f. = 1, P <2.2×10 −16 ; E. faecalis : χ 2 = 51.533, d.f. = 1, P = 7.04×10 −13 ; L. lactis : χ 2 = 35.391, d.f. = 1, P = 2.70×10 −9 ).

There exist only small differences in their declared residence area (zip code), but they are older (median age 35 against 24), more likely men (men proportion 62.9% against 49.9%) and live within the Lyon-Villeurbanne urban area (85.3% against 81.7%, all theses differences are highly significant, p-value <2.2*10 −16 ).

Multivariate linear regression analysis detected a highly significant association between blood-based DNAm-age acceleration and ALS age of onset (adjusted p value = 2.2E-16, B = − 1.29, R 2 = 0.33, n = 249) (Supplementary methods, Fig. 1 a), suggesting that for every 5-year increase in DNAm-age acceleration there is a 6.4-year earlier onset.

In the wild fish, as well as in the Nadia strain, the chi-square P values are highly significant ( P < 2.2e-16), and one sees a clear bias in favor of G/C to A/T for the low-frequency class alleles and a bias in favor of A/T to G/C for alleles occurring at high frequencies, both expected under gBGC ( Glemin et al. 2015 ).

The two-factor Anova analyses using genomic distance types (intra- vs inter-zone configuration) and geographic zones as explicative variables of genomic distance were highly significant (p < 2.2 x 10 −16 ) for all comparisons, except for the general distances distribution between continental and islands species (2 Zones– Fig 3 ; 4 Zones– S3 Fig ; 6 Zones– S4 Fig ).

A chi-squared test revealed a highly significant difference in the distribution of genes across score ranges among the three categories (χ2 = 519.5, df = 18, p < 2.2 × 10−16), indicating that gene distributions differed substantially between them.