Excerpts

The overlap between the target genes of MEIS1 and MEIS2 was highly significant (Fisher’s exact test, OR = 48.3 [23.7–93.2] with P = 4.8*10 −18 for upregulated genes, OR = 172.3 [72.3–387.3] with P = 5.6*10 −20 for downregulated genes).

All three endogenous miRNAs showed positive and highly significant correlations with the spike-in control (miR-16: r = 0.691 and P = 5×10 −18 , miR-31 r = 0.734 and P = 3.2×10 −21 , miR-223 r = 0.637 and P = 8.5×10 −15 ).

We also observed a highly significant correlation between ancestry and height (p = 5.047×10 −18 ) after correcting for the effect of sex (full model r 2 = 0.7411, r 2 for sex = 0.4247; r 2 for ancestry = 0.3164).

However, the correlation of the number of childhood adverse life events and the GHQ sum score was highly significant (Spearman R = 0.279, two-tailed P = 5.28×10 −18 ), suggesting a relationship between childhood stress and recent psychological distress.

[ANOVA revealed highly significant among treatment groups for H2O2 F(9, 20) = 217.64, p = 5.89 –18 ; ANOVA for NO 2 - F(9, 20) = 91.06, p = 2.98 –14 ; ANOVA for NO 3 - F(9, 20) = 166.13, p = 8.41917 –17 ; Tukey’s post hoc comparisons are reported in Supplementary Table S4].

The difference between these two slopes was highly significant ( t (72) = −11.5; p = 6.1×10 −18 ).

Approximately 40% of downregulated genes in Platr22 4*PA KI mESCs are also downregulated in ZFP281 KO cells, and the overlap is highly significant ( P = 6.18E−18; Figure 4B ).

Whereas, RNA M of newly reported Chinese isolate YNKM-2 had one highly significant recombination event ( P -value = 6.586 × 10 − 18 ) spanning from 3111 to 3811 bp (without gaps), detected by seven algorithms i.e., RDP, GeneConv, Bootscan, MaxChi, CHIMAERA, SisScan, and 3SEQ.

16p13.3 has a cis -effect on MLST8 and possibly PGP Our cis -expression QTL study shows that rs30986 has a highly significant positive correlation with the expression levels of MLST8 in at least 9 brain regions (meta-analysis P =6.9 × 10 −18 , Fig. 2b , Supplementary Fig. 7b ) including the cerebellum (meta-analysis P =4.9 × 10 −5 , see Fig. 2b and Supplementary Table 4 ), temporal cortex, hippocampus and substantia nigra.

However, by zone 3 the PC of chromosome III was paired in 90% of wild-type nuclei, but only in 48% of s pd-3(me85) mutant nuclei ( Figure 3B ), and this difference is highly significant ( p = 7E-18).

81 compounds were shared, and this finding is highly significant ( p = 7 × 10 − 18 , two-sided Fisher’s Exact Test) (Fig. 5 c).

Notably, there was highly significant overlap ( p <7.2 × 10^−18; Fisher’s exact test) between general essential genes identified by our study and those previously reported [ 15 ] (Figure S1c in Additional file 2 ).

The comparison ATA + versus ACA + and ARA + subgroups was highly significant ( P = 9.06 × 10 −18 , P = 2.88 × 10 −9 ), emphasizing C4A impact in ATA + patients (Figure 1 ).

Because the persistence-length data did not satisfy normality (Shapiro–Wilk p = 0.002), differences between force fields were assessed using a Wilcoxon rank-sum test, which showed a highly significant effect of force field ( p -value ≈ 10 −17 ), whereas no significant differences were detected across chain lengths, suggesting that the persistence length is largely independent of chain length over the range considered.

Marker-trait association analysis of RphC in the CI 9214/Stirling DH population using 4,500 DArT-seq markers identified a highly significant (−log 10 Pvalue > 17) single peak on the long arm of chromosome 5H (5HL).

Given this probability, the fact that we retrieved only 9 (24%) is highly significant (P < 10 −17 from binomial test; P < 1/3001 from simulation test accounting for uncertainty in the retrieval probability, text in S1 File ).

Spearman’s correlation analysis (Supplementary Table 5 ) revealed moderate (−0.476 and −0.610) but very highly significant ( p < 1 × 10 −17 ) associations between the level of locomotor activity and two conditions (18 °C and DD, respectively).

Out of the 25 highly significant oil-associated DNA variants (23 SNPs and 2 InDels with p ≤ 1 × 10 −17 ), a 321-bp InDel showed the most significant association ( p = 6.17 × 10 −24 ) (Fig. 1a ).

We found highly significant evidence of positive selection acting on Avian GSTA2 ( p < 10 −17 ; M8 PAML, Supplementary Table 9 ) and identified with high statistical confidence (posterior probabilities >0.99) several GSTA2 sites targeted by this acceleration in evolutionary rates ( d N / d S = 3.50; Fig. 4a ).

Regression coefficients were highly significant for both attraction coefficient (0.36, t = 12.7, P < 1 × 10 −17 ) and AR (0.18, t = 6.5, P < 1 × 10 −9 ).

The whole model was highly significant ( p < 10 −17 ; R 2 = 0.27).

Blood glucose concentrations at each time were subjected to RMANOVA examining for the main effects of time and treatment and the time × treatment interaction; after demonstrating a highly significant time × treatment interaction ( p = 1.2 × 10 −17 ), blood glucose concentrations at each time were subjected to RMANOVA followed by Tukey’s test, as described above for AUC.

Using this approach, we found that the positive association between CAI and logPPR was highly significant ( G = 72.977, df = 1, P = 1.31e-17).

However, the effect, while highly significant ( p < 1.33 × 10 −17 ), is visibly small relative to the noise resulting in a small Cohen’s d effect size of 0.185.

The changes in AUC-ROC were not statistically significant (DeLong p -values of 0.922, 0.902, and 0.750 respectively); however, the McNemar test was highly significant ( p = 1.39 × 10 −17 , 5.23 × 10 −30 , 2.25 × 10 −24 ).