Excerpts

This analysis yielded a highly significant positive relationship (P = 1.4 × 10 −17 , Fig. 6D ).

While platelet counts were positively associated with the PM (β = 0.29; P value = 8.23 × 10 –30 ; Additional file 6 : Table S5), the association between rs1354034 and the PM was still highly significant when conditioning on platelet counts (β = −0.33; P value = 1.40 × 10 –17 ).

This statistical model was highly significant ( p = 1.468 × 10 -17 ).

A statistical comparison between pre-operative and 6-month follow-up Lysholm Scores using a paired t-test revealed a highly significant difference (t = 62.88, P < 0.0000000000000000154/P < 1.54 × 10 -17 ), indicating that the observed improvement in knee function was statistically significant.

However, the simultaneous population was consistently lower than the pseudo-population, a difference that was highly significant (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, p = 1.6E-17, Figure 5A ).

(b) Comparing individual miRNAs in the training versus pseudo-training groups, 206 of 257 miRNAs on plate A (100 of 125 miRNAs on plate B) were expressed at higher levels in the training group; this was statistically highly significant ( P = 1.6×10 −17 ).

The distribution of GEBVs between known mortalities and survivors ( Figure 3 ) was examined by analysis of variance and found to be highly significant between the survivor and mortality groups for both diseases (IHNV: P = 1.9 × 10 −17 ; CWD: P = 9.5 × 10 −14 ).

The highly significant enrichment of the ‘olfactory detection’ gene category (FDR-adjusted p=2 × 10 −17 ) reveals that a large number of ORs may be up-regulated in the olfactory epithelia of H2be-KO mice, which we indeed confirmed by quantitative PCR on a subset of genes ( Figure 4B ).

This analysis revealed moderate but highly significant negative correlations for all stimulation conditions (r < –.231 and p < 2.019 × 10 −17 for spindle power and spindle rate correlations across all conditions; all r < −0.135 and p < 0.023, uncorrected, for correlations within individual conditions; values taken from detection electrode), which is consistent with our hypothesis of a principal competitive relationship between spike and spindle activity.

The Pearson correlation coefficients were highly significant ( r = − 0.77, P = 2.110 −17 and r = 0.40, P = 2.010 −4 respectively for GS and LER max ).

The effect of the stimulation level was highly significant (two-way ANOVA, F 2, 54 = 84.53, p = 2.3 × 10 −17 ).

The bacterial reduction was also extremely significant for the film loaded with SSD ( p = 2.42016 × 10 −17 ).

Here, we found a highly significant relationship across all simulated data sets (r ranging between 0.82–0.87, all p < 2.6e−17), providing further evidence for the relationship between these two measures.

9 , 10 , 11 A large GWAS of SZ (including 36 989 cases and 113 075 controls) performed by the PGC identified a highly significant association of rs2007044 in intron 3 of CACNA1C with SZ ( P =2.63 × 10 −17 ). 12 A recent meta analysis further supported association of CACNA1C with SZ, with rs4765905 positioned in intron 3 as the best finding ( P =5.14 × 10 −17 ). 13 It is clear, that although arrays, imputation methods and the best-associated SNPs may vary between studies, the association with both BP and SZ robustly originates from a relatively narrow set of SNPs positioned in the large intron 3 of CACNA1C .

4b ), a relationship supported by the highly significant inverse correlation between avoidance accuracy and number of escape foot shocks reported in the cocaine/yoked-saline matrix ( r = − 0.966, p < 2.8 × E − 017; Table S6 , Supplementary Results) and the heroin + cocaine/yoked-saline matrix ( r = − 0.966, p < 4.4 × E − 016; Table S7 , Supplementary Results).

These patterns were supported by highly significant overlaps in both upregulated ( P = 3.0 × 10 17 ) and downregulated ( P = 9.6 × 10 48 ) gene sets ( SI Appendix , Fig.

After adjusting for smoking status, the effect size for the association between educational attainment and methylation level at cg05575921 ( AHRR ) was attenuated by 41% but still highly significant (beta = 0.035, se = 0.004, p = 3.0 × 10 −17 ; Supplemental Fig. 3 ).

The overall difference between the two samples is highly significant (χ 2 , 89.92, P- value = 3.13 × 10 −17 ).

The Rayleigh test returned a highly significant test statistic of 0.80 (p = 3.16 e‐17), and the Rao's spacing test of uniformity that accounts for potentially multimodal data provided a test statistic of 293.0 ( p < .001).

21 This showed highly significant enrichment of three Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) 22 signaling pathways: Ras (FDR P = 3.35 × 10 −17 ); Rap1 (RAP1 GTPase activating protein) (FDR P = 2.96 × 10 −14 ) and PI3K (phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase)-Akt (AKT serine/threonine kinase) (FDR P = 7.90 × 10 −12 ) (Fig. 2e ).

There was a highly significant increase in nuclear staining of RECQL5 in the malignant samples (Figure 1B , Contingency Table Pearson Chi-square test P=3.7×10e-17), with 90% of the malignant bladder samples scoring positive for RECQL5β compared to normal bladder samples where 83% of samples were negative for any nuclear staining.

Highly significant negative expression correlations of Hd1 with Ehd1 (cor=–0.54, P =4.06E–17) and OsMADS50 (cor=–0.27, P =7.51E–05) in 210 RILs indicated that they both were downregulated by Hd1 , suggesting Hd1 as a regulator of Ehd1 and OsMADS50 .

A joint likelihood-ratio test (LRT) comparing the model of four SNPs with the null model confirmed a highly significant improvement in model fit (LRT = 82.7, df = 4, p = 4.76 × 10 −17 ) with an overall ΔMcFadden R 2 = 0.230.

Further search for 4-mers enriched around tyrosine phosphorylation sites yielded three highly significant motifs: DFGL ( P -value ≤ 5.1 × 10 −17 ), HRDL ( P -value ≤ 7.7 × 10 −17 ) and SDVW ( P -value ≤ 2.5 × 10 −16 ).

Combined with the Icelandic data, the overall association is highly significant ( P = 5.5 × 10 −17 , OR = 1.29 for rs214782; Table 1 , Supplementary Material, Table S4 ).