Excerpts

These results were confirmed by a paired t-test comparing the scores within each speaker-listener pair which showed a highly significant difference (story: t = 9.08, df = 665, p < 1.18 × 10 −18 , Cohen’s d = 0.42, partner: t = 7.91, df = 615, p < 1.18 × 10 −14 , Cohen’s d = 0.41).

Of the 171 isolates with a putative resistance mutation (Figure S1), 107 (62.6%) had an available DST result for INH, with 99 reporting a resistant phenotype leading to a highly significant association between the putative drug resistance mutations and DST phenotype (Chi-squared P < 1.4 × 10 –18 ).

However, consistent with the previous analysis, there was a highly significant interaction effect of presentation stage ×image set type (F 1,408 = 85.2, p=1.5 × 10 −18 , η 2 p = 0.17).

Using a chi-squared test, a significant association was detected between the ihs locus and SSLP markers on chromosomes 4, 6, 18, 19, and X, with an especially highly significant association at D18Mit233 ( P = 1.78E-18) ( Table 1 ).

However, although we observed highly significant enrichment of the targets of these TFs for the induced proteins ( P = 1.8 × 10 − 18 overall, Figure 4 G), the enrichment was not nearly so high ( P = 9.4 × 10 − 4 overall, Figure 4 G) for repressed proteins ( Figure 4 E–G).

Intriguingly, 80% of the arginine ADPr-modified proteins were also annotated as glycoproteins, representing a highly significant enrichment (p = 1.8 × 10 −18 ), in agreement with site-specific analysis ( Figure 3 E).

Assuming the cancer predisposition genes were randomly sampled from the population of 20,687 human genes, the intersections between any two cancer predisposition gene sets are highly significant (Bonferroni adjusted P values < 2.13 × 10 −18 , FEs > 11.75).

Nevertheless, the difference between the target rating and the mean of all other ratings was highly significant in all cases: happiness (exploratory: Δ = 43.4% [38.3:48.6], t (34) = 17.2, p = 2.24e–18; confirmatory: Δ = 32.0% [29.0:35.1], t (58) = 21.0, p = 8.43e–29), sadness (exploratory: Δ = 32.0% [27.9:36.1], t (34) = 15.8, p = 3.16e–17; confirmatory: Δ = 26.8% [24:29.5], t (58) = 19.5, p = 3.76e–27), anger (Δ = 31.3% [26.4:36.2], t (34) = 12.9, p = 1.06e–14), and fear (Δ = 36.0% [31.2:40.8], t (34) = 15.2, p = 1.01e–16).

Cross-referencing from this dataset, there was a highly significant enrichment of pachynema-expressed genes among the gene lists from later meiotic substages (hypergeometric tests, all p < 2.86 x 10 -18 ), but there was no enrichment for pachytene genes in the gene lists for spermatogonia or the early substages of meiosis (Table 3 ).

Despite the low abundance of Mic.15, the association signal of PPP1R37 was highly significant ( p -value = 2.9 × 10 −18 ), suggesting that AD-associated variants may regulate PPP1R37 specifically in the inflammatory microglial subtype.

Investigation of the relationship between AD polygenic risk score (PRS) and plasma P-tau181 27 has revealed highly significant associations with PRS containing the APOE region ( P = 3 × 10 −18 −7 × 10 −15 ) and moderate association when APOE was excluded.

The difference between the two groups was highly significant by the χ 2 test (χ 2 = 76.0603, p = 3.01 × 10 −18 ).

The difference between the 2 mean increments was highly significant: P =3.15×10 −18 .

6 ) revealed that the overlaps for the genes involved in baseline refractive development and genes involved in the regulation of susceptibility to myopia were highly significant (OR = 2.75, P = 3.3 × 10 − 18 ; OR = 2.03, P = 1.2 × 10 − 07 ; respectively).

Transcriptional comparison of inflamed versus excluded tumors in IMvigor210 revealed 759 genes significantly overexpressed (adjusted p<0.05) in inflamed relative to excluded tumors, with ITGAE appearing as one of the most highly significant genes (p=3.35×10 −18 ) ( figure 1A and online supplemental data file S1 ).

All of these were highly significant (the lowest r = 0.67, t (130) = 10.2, p = 3.4×10 −18 ), demonstrating the reliability of the probabilistic boundary maps generated by the standard analysis.

This odds ratio (25%/1.7%) is highly significant (χ 2 = 75.5, df = 1, p = 3.7 × 10 -18 ).

Here, a principal finding was the strong and highly significant upregulation of AXIN2 (10.9 log2 fold change, adj p = 3.71 × 10 −18 ; Table S4 ) in both mutated cell lines, which we verified by qRT-PCR and Western Blot analysis ( Figure 5 ).

The GO term ‘cell wall’ was highly significant ( P = 3.9e−18), which supports the above-mentioned hypothesis that the cell walls differ at different locations on the plant leaf.

The right-shift relative to the No CLIP profile was highly significant ( P = 4e-18), as was the shift relative to Canonical genes ( P = 2e-104).

The correlation between pain and hyperemia was also highly significant (r s ≈ 0.63, p < 4 × 10 −18 ).

There are higher D2:B6 ratios in the CpG high sequence density regions than in the low, and because there are so many more sites without mutations, the effect is highly significant (p = 4.11e−18), but the increase is much smaller than that found in regions with mutations (mean ratio in high: 0.034, mean ratio in low: −0.001).

The mean Shannon diversity index, which measures species evenness, was highly significant across the four douc populations (wild: 7.86 ± 0.34; semi-wild: 7.07 ± 0.55; semi-captive: 7.11 ± 0.53; captive: 6.65 ± 0.53; ANOVA, p = 4.3 × 10 −18 ).

The distribution of iHS scores for the entirety of the chromosome 12 iHS values (minus the LRRK2 locus) was bootstrapped and suggested that this cluster was highly significant compared to scores for the rest of the chromosome ( p = 4.50 × 10 −18 ).

Analysis of the gene expression levels in multiple breast cancer cell lines ( Figure 3A , Figure 3—figure supplement 1A ) revealed weak but statistically highly significant correlations between the levels of MEMO1 and TFR1 (p = 4.6E-18), TFR2 (p = 1.8E-14), and PLOD1 (p = 1.8E-33).