“nominally significant”

The cranial base width (14q21.1), intercanthal width (1p13.3) and upper facial depth associations were at least nominally significant (p < 0.05) in both datasets.

Consider, though, that when genome-wide significance is not reached, researchers commonly take forward, say, 20–40 nominally significant signals from a GWAS and then run association tests for those signals in a second study, concluding that all the signals with a p -value <0.05 have replicated (no Bonferroni adjustment).

Cg25212453 (model C) was surrounded by 13 other CpGs, of which three were nominally significant ( P values < 0.05).

These correlations remained nominally significant (p < 0.05), aside from DunedinPACE and Horvath age acceleration. 3.3.

In order to distinguish between associations those remain significant after FDR correction ( q < 0.05) and those are only nominally significant ( p < .05 but q ≥ 0.05), only FDR significant findings are described as “robust associations,” while nominally significant findings are referred as “suggestive associations.” To assess robustness, sensitivity analyses were performed, and horizontal pleiotropy was evaluated using MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO.

According to the regional plots ( Figures 5 E and 5F), we observed that the genetic variants at ABCA7 have nominally significant mQTL effects ( p < 0.05) on the methylation at loci of ABCA7 , NPY , BDNF , and NGFR at transcriptional regulatory regions ( Figures 5 E and 5F; Data S5 ).

Other nominally significant associations with INSIGF (P<0.05 and P BH >0.05) are reported in table S7 and in figure 3 .

Several polymorphisms in these two genes showed nominally significant association with BMD in our GWAS ( P < 0.05), although they failed to reach the genome-wide significant level (Table S 3 , ESM 1).

For the purposes of this study, the terms “nominally significant” and “enriched” refer to results with a p-value <0.05 but not meeting the Bonferroni threshold, and “statistically significant” refers to results with a p-value <1.6 x 10 -3 .

In addition, four other modules were nominally significant (p < 0.05) for the association with exacerbations (royalblue n = 118, lightgreen n = 147, darkturquoise n = 73, darkgrey n = 65) (Additional file 2 : Table S4).

While these results were nominally significant (p < 0.05), they did not maintain statistical significance after Hochberg correction.

Genes were selected for correlation and PCA analysis if they displayed nominally significant changes in the QuantiGene Plex assay (p ≤ 0.05) as well as nominally-significant changes in either human lymphoblasts exposed to ethanol, mouse NS-5 cells exposed to ethanol, or PBLs from binge-drinking adolescent rats.

Overall, 35 of the 87 (40.2%) meta-analyses reported nominally significant pooled results ( p < 0.05).

The differential methylation signals contain significant (Bonferroni corrected p < 0.05) and suggestive (uncorrected p < 0.05) DMPs and nominally significant CpGs (uncorrected p < 0.05) within significant DMRs.

In patients with moderate or severe DED ( n = 53), PL9643 treatment demonstrated either nominally significant ( P < 0.05) or trending ( P < 0.1) improvement over placebo in mean change from baseline at week 12/day 85 in several sign endpoints, including fluorescein staining in inferior, superior, corneal sum, and total sum regions; Lissamine Green staining in temporal, nasal, conjunctival sum, and total sum regions; and tear film breakup time.

The sentinel variant rs62040020, which resided within an intron of Jupiter microtubule associated homolog 2 ( JPT2 ) on chromosome 16 (effect allele frequency (EAF)=10.6%), was measured in all six studies with a high imputation quality (r 2 >0.88 across all six studies) and was nominally significant (p<0.05) in four of the six studies ( supplementary table 2 and figure 4 ).

We retained for downstream analyses all loci with nominally significant binomial p values ( p < 0.05) and at least 2 reads (10%) mapped to any allele.

Log scale metabolites for GDM and CON were summarized as means ± SDs with differences nominally significant at P < 0.05 since the metabolites had a normal distribution on the log scale.

Multiple testing correction Results were considered nominally significant at p < .05.

Fisher’s exact test showed a significant overlap in the eGenes identified by either method when we considered nominally significant (p < 0.05) results, suggesting that these methods each detect similar cell-type-specific signals from bulk expression data.

The criteria for a highly suggestive association were met if: P < 10 −6 , >1000 participants, and largest study in the meta-analysis presenting nominally significant estimate (i.e., P < 0.05).

To observe overall genetic control of gene expression in a disease context, we intersected all cis-eQTL results with the nominally significant GWAS SNPs ( p < 0.05) [ 8 ] and plotted the p values from the two sets (Fig. 2 ).

The higher relative abundance for these taxa was nominally significant in carriers ( P ≤ 0.05), but non-significant after correction for multiple testing which is not unexpected given the small sample size.

Finally, we used the excess significance test to evaluate whether the observed number of studies in the meta-analysis that presented a nominally significant result ( P -value < 0.05) was different from the expected number of studies with significant results [ 22 ].

To determine if any annotations were enriched in both mouse and human, even though individual genes were not shared, separate lists of genes nominally significant in human (915 genes p ≤ 0.05) and human homologues of the 42 mouse genes with p ≤ 0.05 were entered into DAVID.