“nominally significant”

Additional post hoc analyses show that these SNVs remain suggestively significant ( p < 5 × 10 −5 ) when not covarying for APOE and the HRs remain in the same direction and nominally significant ( p < 0.05) when using models that include APOE ε2 and ε4 separately in dominant and additive models (Table S4 in supporting information). 3.2.2 APOE analyses Next, in Cox proportional hazard (PH) models, carriers of ε2/ε4, ε3/ε4, ε4/ε4 had an elevated HR (Cox PH HR > 1) for earlier conversion to amyloid positivity compared to ε3/ε3 homozygotes. ε2/ε3 carriers demonstrated a lower risk ratio (Cox PH HR < 1; Table 3 ).

Three previously reported sites mapping into the genes MCM2 , EXOC3 , and JARID2 were significantly associated with one or more traits after correction for multiple testing ( P < 1.6e-03, Supplementary Data 12 ), and another seven showed nominally significant associations ( P < 0.05).

There were 26602 nominally significant ( P -value < 0.05) CpG sites ( Figure 1 ).

Nominally significant associations ( p < 0.05) were observed between higher maternal levels of IL-8 during early pregnancy with lower gross motor (β: −0.902, 95%CI: −1.697, −0.107, p = 0.026) and fine motor (β: −0.880, 95%CI: −1.500, −0.259, p = 0.006) skills score at age one.

The enrichment for the nominally significant association ( p < 0.05) was evaluated by a 10,000‐permutation test.

Assessment of differentially methylated regions Nominally significant probes ( p ≤ 0.05; n = 24,149) were included in the differentially methylated region (DMR) analysis, identifying 123 DMRs ( q ≤ 0.05; Supplementary Table 5 ).

When assessing each FTD syndrome separately, significant ( p < 0.0062) or nominally significant ( p < 0.05) associations with GFAP were seen for nfvPPA (phonemic fluency), svPPA (Digit span backward and Trails B), CBS (CDR® + NACC-FTLDsb, MoCA and Digit Span Backward), PSP-RS (CDR® + NACC-FTLDsb, MoCA and MINT), and MBCI (category fluency).

Only the volumes of the caudate, corpus callosum and third ventricle achieved a heritability that was nominally significant in our sample (uncorrected P <0.05).

Those genes that yielded at least nominally significant interaction terms (raw p < 0.05 ) and FDR-significant associations within male or female strata were determined to have sex-specific associations with Cd.

Although none of these comparisons reached the significance threshold after adjustment for multiple comparisons (3.69 × 10 −5 ), 179 were nominally significant ( p < 0.05) ( Supplementary Table S6a ).

In this study, a difference was termed as nominally significant when p < 0.05 but not statistically significant after type I error control, or not included in the type I error control strategy.

3.4 Multivariate regression to maximize the association with subjective cognitive decline scores All variables which were nominally significant (p < 0.05) in the competitive model analysis, in addition to covariates, were then selected as input variables in a backwards stepwise multiple regression analysis to maximize the R adj 2 value ( Fig. 3 A ).

Approximately 30% the loci yielding genome-wide significant levels of association with TC and LDL in the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium analysis and 35% of the loci similarly associated with HDL and TG yielded at least nominally significant levels of association ( p < 0.05) with the same phenotypes in ACCORD.

Nominally significant ( P < 0.05) associations were observed at nine SNPs in a direction consistent with the established association.

Many of our networks had nominally significant (p < 0.05) overlaps with the cell-type-specific DEGs in neuronal cell types, which include both upper and deep layer excitatory neurons and inhibitory interneurons ( Figure 3 C and Table S12 ).

Among the 687 height-related SNPs available in our genetic data set, 37 and 38 showed nominally significant associations ( P -value <0.05) with risk of SCC and BCC respectively ( Supplementary Tables 4 and 5 ).

The resulting nominally significant genes ( p ‐value ≤ 0.05 and absolute log2FC ≥ 3) were clustered based on their expression patterns using degPatterns from the DEGreport package (v 1.32.0).

Despite limited overlap at the single-metabolite level between the two overall OC outcomes, we observed greater concordance at the pathway level: among nominally significant pathways (raw p < 0.05), arginine and proline metabolism and beta-alanine metabolism overlapped across the two outcomes ( Figure 1 E; Supplementary Table S4 ).

Log scale metabolites for GDM and CON were summarized as means ± SDs with differences nominally significant at P < 0.05 since the metabolites had a normal distribution on the log scale.

However, there are over 200 nominally significant between-breed genetic correlations but less than 50 phenotypic correlations compared with an expected error of 20 at p < 0.05.

Since the primary endpoints in both trials did not reach statistical significance, all other p-values <0.05 for both predefined subgroups and post hoc analyses are considered nominally significant and hypothesis-generating.

However, the ADL scale had a nominally significant ( p ‐value <0.05) association with total cerebellar volume and cervical spinal cord CSA (Table S4 ).

KEGG pathway analysis identified 11 significantly altered pathways after FDR correction and 64 nominally significant pathways based on raw p -values ( p < 0.05) ( Table S2 ).

In patients with moderate or severe DED ( n = 53), PL9643 treatment demonstrated either nominally significant ( P < 0.05) or trending ( P < 0.1) improvement over placebo in mean change from baseline at week 12/day 85 in several sign endpoints, including fluorescein staining in inferior, superior, corneal sum, and total sum regions; Lissamine Green staining in temporal, nasal, conjunctival sum, and total sum regions; and tear film breakup time.

In unadjusted analyses, 26 SNPs from nine loci were associated with TC, 22 SNPs from 10 loci with LDL, 58 SNPs from 13 loci with HDL, and 40 SNPs from 14 loci with logTG at the nominally significant level ( P < 0.05).