“showed a trend”

It is noteworthy that only 1 of 24 patients with squa- mous cell carcinomas, but 5 of 18 patients with adenocarcinomas, were non-smokers (chi-square test P = 0.0274). DISCUSSION We have shown that serum sICAM- 1 levels were closely related to tumour stage in patients with NSCLC, with a remarkable differ- ence between patients with metastatic and localized disease. Subgroups of the latter also showed a trend towards higher sICAM-1 values in more advanced tumours when subdivided according to the results of surgical performance and resectability.

The patients with TP53 mutations showed a trend for a shorter survival period; however, the association was not statistically significant at the 95% confidence level (P = 0.132; log-rank test).

However, both the NOS Tg/mdx and the mdx mice showed a trend for increased serum CK concentration at 3 mo of age and an increase in interanimal variability in serum CK concentration.

Due to poor breeding performance of homozygous JNK2 -/- mice, only a few experiments were carried out with this strain and these experiments showed a trend similar to that of JNK1 -/- mice (data not shown).

Two studies showed a trend towards a beneficial effect on plasma viral load with the successful treatment of helminth infection while one study did not.

By integrating HIV-1 proteome-wide epitope mining to clinical and laboratory data in a South African cohort, our data showed a trend indicating that the number of HLA/epitope pairs was correlated both negatively with viral loads and positively with CD4 counts.

[ 14 ] study, although the performance on another visual memory test (Wechsler Memory Scales, visual reproduction) showed a trend towards lower scores in ε4 carriers.

Demographic history Tests for mutation-drift equilibrium showed a trend consistent with population expansion in all regions.

In a recent phase III trial, however, extended radical transthoracic esophagectomy showed a trend to a better survival when compared with a less radical transhiatal esophagectomy, indicating that an adequate locoregional treatment may have a beneficial effect on survival. 3 However, in both groups a R0 resection rate of only 72% was noted.

Given that mRNA levels of the main CCR2 ligand, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, showed a trend towards increased rather than decreased levels in IP-10 −/− hearts, the decreased intragraft CCR2 mRNA levels likely reflect secondary effects, e.g., decreased recruitment of cells that happen to bear multiple chemokine receptors, including CCR2, and CXCR4 whose mRNA levels were also decreased.

Levels of anti-MOG35–55 IgG2a Abs showed a trend towards elevated levels in wild-type controls on day 14 pi, whereas no difference between wild-type and MCP-1–null mice was found on day 60 pi ( Fig. 10 ).

ARNT SNPs and insulin secretion Based on the proposed role of ARNT in insulin secretion [ 3 ], we selected 4 SNPs that showed a trend to an association with type 2 diabetes or that had a minor allele frequency over 10% to test in two populations of nondiabetic European American individuals who had undergone detailed phenotyping of insulin sensitivity and secretion.

For the three landscapes where it could be investigated, the neighbourhood size showed a trend opposite to the one of the isolation by distance effect, being smallest in the Ardennes and largest in the Asturias, with the Pyrenees being intermediate.

Genome rearrangements may contribute to the interchange of regulatory sites Analysis of the conservation of the structure of TUs showed a trend for conserved sites to be located upstream conserved TUs.

Post-operative non-weight bearing and weight bearing motions did not seem to influence the surface congruency of the mosaicplasty, although the unbottomed mosaicplasties showed a trend of subsidence below flush level after weight bearing motion.

Although each cell line contains its own unique, complicated biological characteristics, the results showed a trend that the cell lines possessing mutated p53 expressed relatively low WTH3 RNA as compared to those containing its wild type.

TGF- α levels did not change significantly in NSCLC and HNC but showed a trend to higher levels, consequent with reports confirming increased serum TGF- α in ovarian ( Chien et al , 1997 ), hepatocellular ( Tomiya and Fujiwara, 1996 ; Harada et al , 1999 ), colorectal ( Shim et al , 1998 ), gastric ( Moskal et al , 1995 ; Choi et al , 1999 ) and breast cancer ( Chakrabarty et al , 1994 ) as measured by RIA.

Specifically, we showed a trend for increased p21 Cip1 levels with tumour progression and that p21 Cip1 is potentially elevated in tumours with high nuclear cyclin D1 ( Figure 5A and C ).

In the study by Goekkurt et al (2006) , patients who possessed a TS 5′ genotype associated with low TS mRNA expression levels showed a trend for superior survival time compared with those having TS genotypes associated with high TS mRNA expression.

The explorative regression analysis showed a trend that patients with more fatigue, higher psychological distress and stronger somatic attributions at pretreatment were more fatigued at the follow-up assessment.

In the univariate analyses, TIMP-2 303C>T was significantly correlated with survival ( Figure 1A ), whereas MMP-7 −181A>G showed a trend ( Figure 1B ).

Prolonged OS was significantly associated with loss of 1p36 and 19q13, while tumours with increased 201 Tl uptake showed a trend toward shorter OS. 201 Tl uptake and 1p/19q genotype were independent prognostic factors for PFS and OS in multivariate analysis ( Table 3 ).

In subset 1, patients with PRL-3-positive breast carcinomas showed a trend towards shorter DFS compared to patients with PRL-3-negative cancers (83±4 months (95% CI, 74–91) vs 89±8 months (95% CI, 74–105), respectively).

However, combined analysis of polymorphisms in the TS-5′ UTR showed a trend for superior survival in patients harbouring a favourable TS-5′ UTR genotype.

The outcome of the individual studies differed as the Danish study ( n =63) showed a trend towards improved efficacy in favour of IL-2/HDC, whereas the UK study ( n =41) was negative for all end points ( Donskov et al , 2005 ).