Excerpts

Global Food Price Global food prices showed an increasing trend between May 2017 and May 2022 ( Figure 5 ).

Ultrasonic homogenisation known to be an effective way of homogenization as it is highly significant in reducing the size of fat globules [ 21 , 22 , 23 ] compared to the conventional homogenisation.

Single Factor Experiments Assessment Figure 1 A revealed the effect of the liquid–solid ratio on the DNP yield, which exhibited an increasing trend at the range of 20–60 mL/g.

A value of p < 0.05 represented significant difference, p < 0.01 represented extremely significant difference, and the experimental results were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation.

In case of the deformation measure, ε p reached 10% at maximum in ductile samples, and we observed a slight trend toward decreasing ε p with increasing moisture content especially at lower velocity.

As shown in Figure 6 , with an increase in storage time, the browning index of litchi fruits exhibited an increasing trend, while the browning rate of the litchi stored at 25 °C ( Figure 6 c) was significantly higher than that of the litchi stored at 4 °C ( Figure 6 d).

It was positively and significantly correlated with the peak area fraction of RC23 (correlation coefficient 0.73), RC21 (correlation coefficient 0.52), α-helix content (correlation coefficient 0.85), and CL (correlation coefficient 0.78), with a highly significant positive correlation with α-helix content and CL.

Compared with the unfermented samples, the TPCs of all fermented samples showed a decreasing trend at the later stage of fermentation, particularly after 12 h, except for O-Lc.

The addition of cricket powder showed a slightly increasing trend in water ab-sorption.

Contrary to CQA, the effect of processing on total polyphenols was highly significant, accounting for more than two-thirds of the explained variability in TPP ( Table 2 ).

The lower PV for CPRO + GEL-PVA showed an unexpected trend.

However, LAB counts in the control samples showed an increasing trend throughout the storage period, whereas in cheese with postbiotics, the LAB increased only between days 8 and 16 ( Figure 1 C).

At 8 °C, there was an increasing trend in the STEC levels.

For all the responses, the model and model terms were highly significant and showed the different impact of the hydrocolloids on the rheological properties.

LRP showed a decreasing trend, while the effect by year was not significant ( p = 0.2181). 3.2.

The mass loss of livestock and poultry meat during boiling showed an overall trend of rising and then leveling off with time.

The residue concentrations of CAP and TAP in pork, beef, lamb and chicken showed a decreasing or first increasing and then decreasing trend with frying time, while FF and FFA showed a decreasing trend in all four livestock and poultry meats.

As shown in Figure 6 , the MDA level in the HFD group presented an increasing trend and the GSH content showed a decreasing trend compared with the ND group, which indicated that oxidative stress was likely to occur in the model group.

In this study, although all tea extract supplementary groups showed a trend of elevated liver coefficient compared with the model group, there was no significant statistical difference as shown in Figure 4 B.

In terms of sugar control, more and more countries have implemented sugar taxes in recent years, and sugar reduction has become an important trend in food production and consumption.

However, such an increasing trend was not observed for the treated samples.

Currently, there exists an increasing trend of public awareness on adopting measures that are environmentally friendly and that improve human safety [ 1 ].

Effect of Temperature and Temperature Stability on Lysozyme Activity As observed in Figure 9 , with an increase in reaction temperature, the activity of lysozyme from SDEW showed an increasing trend at first, followed by a decrease.

Irradiated aromatic compounds in the treatment groups showed an increasing trend, which might be because the free radicals generated during the irradiation process promoted the substitution reaction of the benzene ring.

From Figure 5 c, it can be seen that the overall UV absorbance of camellia oil shows an increasing trend after purification by the ceramic membrane, indicating that the quality of purified camellia oil was improved.