Excerpts

The outer layer had the highest Cr content, which showed a decreasing trend in the secondary layer along with an increase in the Fe content.

It can be seen that the strength of RT specimens exhibited a clear trend of decreasing with the increase of temperature.

These fluctuations were probably caused by the general measurement uncertainty and a clear trend could not be derived.

The five groups of different lengths have a clear trend; that was, the energy absorbed by the lattice energy decreases with the increase in length.

The interaction between flow rate and distance is depicted in Figure 3 e, which showed a slightly significant influence on sphericity.

However, the distribution curve of Mo exhibited a decreasing trend, showing a high and dense peak in α phase, indicating that the distribution of Mo was different between the two phases.

This improvement is quite significant; however, it should be noted that the weight of the composite has also increased significantly, owing to the incorporation of glass fibers.

This difference was apparent in the performance of these two systems: cellulose/P3HT demonstrated increased hydrophilicity and more effective PC12 cell proliferation relative to cellulose/PNVPy.

In the case of BG2, the release of Ca 2+ ions was slower, but an increasing trend was maintained over the 14 days.

As the heat treatment time increased, the dry and wet bonding strengths presented an increasing trend, reaching the maximum values of 2.42 and 1.09 MPa, at 3 h with an increase of 16% and 11%, respectively.

The outcomes clearly demonstrate that the flexural strength was enhanced significantly or highly significant for the strengthened beams compared to the reference beams Figure 7 demonstrates that after 28 days of curing, the flexural strength enhanced by 12.42%, 20.26%, and 34.64% for the beams strengthened at 1-side, 2-sides, and 3-sides, respectively, compared to the control beams.

Unlike the aerogels prepared using crosslinkers with rigid groups exhibiting a relatively large decrease in specific surface area and pore volume after the process of pyrolysis conversion, aerogels synthesized under the effect of the cross-linking agent with flexible carbon chains showed an increasing trend [ 15 , 32 , 33 ].

[ 55 ] showed that the deformation during compression of oat kernels had an increasing trend with the increase in loading rate in the range of 0.02–0.10 mm/s, and the forces and stresses initially increased and then decreased with an increase in loading rate.

Since Nylon66 fiber has a lower young modulus than steel fiber, increasing fiber addition in geopolymers results in a negative trend in concrete.

When the diameter reaches 15 mm, the compressive strength of the pellets shows a decreasing trend.

The results of this preliminary study could lead to the conclusion that both tested masks present an increasing trend in bioburden with increasing exposure time.

Figure 8 d, which summarizes the volume fractions of constituent phases in these alloys, expresses an overall trend that the volume fractions of the BCC phase and D8 8 phase increase with increasing Ti concentration whereas that of the A15 phase has the opposite tendency.

In all of them, a clear trend of a greater impact on hydrochar is shown, as well as a consequent lower impact of biosorbent.

The strength of the mortars exposed to chloride-sulfate coupling showed a decreasing trend for all groups, and the phenomenon was exacerbated by the further coupling of carbonation, where the most obvious strength loss was in Specimen C without admixture, whose strength loss was 13.4% under the three-factor coupling, indicating that the mineral admixture, in particular the metakaolin, could improve its resistance to erosion to some extent.

In particular, for the ODP class, there is a highly significant decrease in the damage indicator.

In the case of coated paper, the addition of nanoparticles in the base ink has a slight, almost insignificant influence on the resistance to bending of the samples. 3.1.4.

Thus, the design of low cost but multifunction smart windows is an important trend for the future.

CaCO 3 /Al(OH) 3 composites with a core-shell structure that showed a trend toward the performance of aluminum hydroxide not only improved the surface properties of CaCO 3 , but also increased the added value of CaCO 3 .

Although there were not quite significant changes like with steel 80CrV5, the presence of any cracks was not detected (see Figure 11 ).

Q st values show a decreasing trend as CO 2 surface covering increases indicating that the CoHCFs are distinguished by a high degree of heterogeneity and showing differences in the adsorbate–adsorbent, and adsorbate–adsorbate interplays.