Excerpts

HOMA-IR was also significantly lower after the diet, whereas insulin levels were on the borderline of significance.

In addition, this diet regime significantly decreased weight as an anthropometric parameter, blood glucose levels, HOMA-IR, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, TG, and urea as biochemical parameters, and serum GSH levels, not only as an antioxidant but also as a parameter connected with higher metabolism rates, and almost significantly lowered BMI and insulin levels.

The results showed a trend towards lower plaque values, but with no significant changes from baseline to the end of the study with regard to the clinical periodontal parameters.

Statistical significance was accepted as p ≤ 0.05; p values with two decimal places are attributed to non-significant results or three to at least borderline significant results.

The level of significance was set at p -value ≤ 0.05, p -value ≤ 0.01 to be significant (* and **, respectively), and at p -value ≤ 0.001 to be highly significant (***).

The correlation was shown to be highly significant in the high BMI quartiles compared to the lower one.

Conversely, despite not reaching statistical differences, the HSuHF + BJ-treated rats showed a trend of normalizing the mRNA expression of these key enzymes when compared to the HSuHF-fed rats (Acadl d Cohen = 0.99; Acox-1 d Cohen = 1.39; Cpt1 d Cohen = 1.29 and Cpt2 d Cohen = 84.20).

This coupled with the highly significant and inclusive reduction in high intensity running performance suggests that PRO regime is likely not to be preferential for endurance athletes seeking to optimise performance.

Due to the discrepancy, it is hard to identify a clear trend in the past years.

The results also showed a trend for a higher level of urine uric acid and a lower level of urinary citrate.

ANGPTL8 increased the risk of hypertriglyceridemia by almost 33% and remnant cholesterol by 24%, and these effects were highly significant.

There was also a borderline significance for a positive correlation between the BDI-II score and adherence to the recommendations of the MeDi on olive oil intake.

The number of alcohol standard drinks per year and ADL score also showed a borderline significant association with cognitive frailty. 4.

Additionally, the unadjusted odds of self-reported glaucoma showed a decreasing trend with higher quartiles of niacin intake ( p trend = 0.001).

When evaluating DBP at crises, no electrolyte was significantly correlated with DBP at crises; however, serum potassium showed a slight trend towards a negative correlation with DBP at crises.

We take this result with caution, given that it was only marginally significant and our findings did not suggest an association between fiber and LIC in men.

These researchers noted an increasing trend for total flavonoid intake with increasing age in both boys and girls aged 3–12 years; however, similar to the current study, they did not observe an obvious trend for total isoflavone intake with increasing age [ 48 ].

Vitamin D was the one exception in the current and other studies [ 39 , 41 ] where vitamin D intake was well below the EAR and did not show a strong trend of increasing with age.

Adjusting for lifestyle factors, energy intake and macronutrients resulted in a close-to-significant p trend in the youngest group (OR = 1.482, 95% CI = 0.514–4.272; p trend = 0.060) (Model 2).

Multivariate analysis using food groups as opposed to nutrients revealed a positive trend for obesity in the younger age group after adjusting for lifestyle factors, energy intake and bean and vegetable intake ( p trend = 0.023).

The sex difference was small but marginally statistically significant in the pooled sample, where the relative difference was 0.99 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.00), indicating that 1% fewer males received vitamin-A-rich foods.

Notably, bioimpedance analysis showed a significant decrease in fat mass and an increasing trend in fat-free mass in the first trimester.

Regarding gut microbiota analysis, after 6 months of curcumin supplementation, CKD’s alpha-diversity showed a significant trend toward values similar to the healthy ones.

There was a near-significant trend towards elevated PtdCho:PtdE in the livers of HET mice ( Figure 4 A), which could indicate increased consumption of PtdE for PtdCho synthesis.

Characterised by the NOVA classification, our sample ( n = 1155) is mainly made up of ultra-processed products (87.97%; n = 1016), and although it does not reflect a child’s total diet, it suggests a strong trend in food products marketed to children, with no less than 12 categories made up entirely of UPFs.