Excerpts

In addition, since WHPs are a mixture of peptides, when WHPs are ingested, there may be significant potential for synergistic effects of multiple peptides.

In a post-hoc explanatory analysis, when the patients were classified as having favorable changes of lipid parameters (LDL-C decrease and HDL-C increase) [ 28 ], a statistical trend towards PCSK9 decrease in the supplemented group as well as PCSK9 increase in the placebo group after 13 weeks of intervention, has been found.

The results in Tx12M and Tx>12M were comparable, demonstrating an early stabilization, and showed a trend towards normalization.

However, after adjusting for BMI, we observed a marginally significant relationship, where a higher CQI was associated with a smaller increase in WC (2.0 ± 0.1 vs. 2.4 ± 0.1 in highest vs. lowest quartile, p -trend = 0.04).

In the TRE group, irisin levels increased during the dietary intervention, following a decreasing trend between weeks 7 and 12.

An increasing trend in breastfeeding practices in Hong Kong has been reported, after persistent efforts to publicize the benefits of breastfeeding through large-scale campaigns [ 1 ].

Over the last few decades, there has been an increasing trend in the incidence of AD and food allergy, especially noticeable in highly developed countries, which is associated with a strict hygiene regime, increased use of detergents, low number of children per family, altered nutritional habits, frequent antibiotic therapy, low incidence of infectious diseases, and high numbers of Cesarean sections [ 9 ].

Indeed, in a first pilot study in COVID-19 patients requiring intensive care, high-dose IV vitamin C significantly improved oxygenation, reduced organ-damaging cytokine storm (IL-6), and showed a trend towards reduced mortality in severely ill patients [ 49 ].

There was, however, a positive trend for reported poor dietary intake in those with a severely malnourished MUAC score.

In a cohort of 498 BC patients followed for five years, they observed that the TaqI minor allele showed a trend toward an increased risk for breast cancer-specific mortality.

In this study, within-group regression analysis showed an increasing trend of serum 25(OH)D levels, particularly for those aged 7–24 months recruited in the pre-outbreak period (June to December 2019), but these monthly increases became subtle after adjusting for UV index, perhaps because vitamin D levels in older infants are more affected by levels of exposure to UVB [ 30 ].

Results: The ITS results showed no immediate reduction in serum 25(OH)D level among infants, but a decreasing trend was observed in the subsequent months post-outbreak at a monthly decline rate of −6.32 nmol/L.

No statistical evidence was found for differences in emotional eating between control group and intervention group participants at any of the study measurement points, neither could a clear trend be distinguished ( Table 2 ).

In the non-MED countries, we did not detect a significant trend between the 14-MEDAS score and BMI, although the score also decreased with increasing BMI category in the case of the sample population from BG ( Figure 1 d,e).

Most importantly, one would expect a possibly significant reduction or even alleviation of colitis symptoms, such as abdominal pain, clinical symptoms and inflammation of the colon, as judged by coloscopy.

The report also mentions a demographic decline and an impairment of population age structure, signaling a constant decreasing trend for the population aged 15–59 years and an increasing trend for the population over 60.

Gamma-linoleic acid, in which the causal estimates were significant in the allele score-based MR, showed marginally significant causal estimates with notably high odds ratios in the summary-level MR, whereas adrenic acid, which showed null findings in the allele score-based MR, showed significant causal estimates for higher risks of both CAD and MI in the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D data. 4.

Even though our study consumed higher n-3 LCPUFA than the national average, the dietary and supplemental n-3 LCPUFA intakes’ correlations with each biomarker (whole blood, erythrocytes and plasma) were linear across all intakes (i.e., lower and higher intakes), highly significant and explained approximately 50% of the variability for each biomarker.

The application of intravenous iron per 1000 inhabitants showed an increasing trend for the majority of the period analyzed, whereas medical appointments at home (proxies for Family Health Strategy coverage) increased from 1998 to 2015, followed by a decrease until 2019.

In Italy, although overweight and obesity in children have been reported to follow a decreasing trend from 2008 to 2016 [ 6 ], they still affect 30–40% of children under 18 years of age [ 7 ].

They found a highly significant correlation between FSR values of creatine kinase-type M and carbonic anhydrase-3 isolated from human skeletal mixed muscle and plasma [ 37 ].

Dietary intakes remained relatively consistent throughout pregnancy, with intakes of total fat and carbohydrate being similar at each time point ( p > 0.05), the exception being protein intake, which significantly increased between T1 and T2 and SFA, for which there was a highly significant increase in intakes during pregnancy. 3.3.2.

An apparent trend exists in the microbiota of people from industrialised nations, and it appears that these individuals have a higher abundance of Bacteroides , Bifidobacterium , Ruminococcus, Faecalibatcerium , Alistipies , Bilophila and Blautia [ 26 , 27 , 30 , 33 , 34 ].

Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that increase in FTO expression is independently associated with growing values of BMI (kg/m 2 , percentile and SDS), waist circumference (cm, percentile), BF_kg, BF_%, and FFA levels; FTO methylation correlates positively with waist circumference (cm) and BF_kg; whereas higher PLAG1 expression predicts elevation of BF_% and FFA levels (the latter of borderline significance). 4.1.

Though showing a positive trend, the data emphasize that a significant part of children and adolescents may suffer from hypovitaminosis C and therefore be at risk of experiencing negative consequences of vitC deficiency [ 15 , 286 ].