Excerpts

At the 3 days of storage, it showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, but the fluctuation was relatively small; the results in this study were in agreement with reports by Yuanyuan [ 31 ].

The PPO activity of samples with different treatments showed an increasing trend during storage.

Figure 3 c illustrates that an increasing trend in flavonoid extraction is seen at all ultrasound power levels when the percentage of citric acid concentration in the final solvent increases.

During the storage period, all samples exhibited a decreasing trend in L * values, indicating a shift from brighter to darker hues, with higher temperatures accelerating this change.

As shown in Table 2 , the hardness of cheese in all treatments exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing storage time, which correlated positively with proteolysis degree during storage.

After 5 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg CTN exposure, the sperm count ( Figure 2 A,B) of mice was significantly reduced ( p < 0.01), and sperm motility ( Figure 2 C) decreased with increasing CTN concentration in each experimental group, with highly significant differences at 20 mg/kg CTN treatment compared to the control group.

fuciformis demonstrated an increasing trend with the extension of storage time.

As described by Hamelers [ 33 ], composting kinetics is the analysis of the interrelation of the composting rate on external influences over a broad range of practically significant variables using a comprehensive system of equations.

Similarly, in this study with the increase in the sodium chloride addition (15, 25, 35 mg/kg), the content of cadaverine, putrescine, tyramine, phenylethylamine, and tryptamine gradually decreased, resulting in a decreasing trend of total biogenic amines; meanwhile, the counts of Enterobacteriaceae decreased.

On the contrary, for 0.2 mol/L ionic strength, increasing HC treatment time (0–4 min) resulted in an initial increase in the content of α-helix followed by a decreasing trend ( Table 1 ).

The contents of Thr, Asp, Pro, Ile, and Leu in the C1 whole rice decreased with an increasing N dosage, and the contents of Lys, Tyr, and Met increased and then decreased, whereas the remaining amino acids showed an increasing trend.

In the second-order polynomial regressive equation for the EAUE, the yield of the SLMPs (%) served as the response value, and the result was as follows: (3) Y = 11.79 + 0.55A + 0.49B − 0.43C + 0.53D + 0.36E + 0.34AB + 0.33AC + 0.12AD + 0.24AE + 0.47BC + 1.08BD − 0.09BE + 0.45CD + 0.52CE − 0.54DE − 2.03A 2 − 1.55B 2 − 1.11C 2 − 1.12D 2 − 1.07E 2 Table 1 indicates that both the p -value of the fitted model (less than 0.0001) and the lack-of-fit value were highly significant, suggesting the model’s accuracy in predicting the yield of the extraction process.

In the illumination pretreated groups, the highest L* value occurred for the soybean oil which was activated by clay bleached at 100 °C; moreover, the L* value generally showed a decreasing trend since the bleaching temperature decreased from 100 °C ( Figure 4 A).

When the temperature exceeded 40 °C, the degradation rate had a decreasing trend with increasing temperature, which could be the result of enzyme inactivation at progressively higher temperatures.

p resulted in an increasing trend in mouse weight.

And the carbon chain lengths of the most abundant fatty acids in coconut water showed a decreasing trend with increasing maturity, which may be due to the coconut meat first accumulates long-chain fatty acids and then degrades and converts them to medium- and short-chain fatty acids during fruit development [ 30 ].

In paper, we evaluated the inhibitory activity of the four samples on a-glucosidase, and found that the inhibitory activity showed an overall trend of first decreasing and then increasing with CW-12 having the lowest inhibition rate of only 30.53%.

Potassium, phosphorus, and sodium in four coconut waters showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and CW-12 had the highest content of 2133.85 mg/kg, 239.74 mg/kg, and 310.75 mg/kg, respectively.

Overall, the ssDNA recovery rate showed an increasing trend, with a relatively stable recovery rate in the 10th round of screening.

The DPPH and O 2 − radical scavenging rates of the HEC/SRBP films showed an increasing trend with an increase in SRBP content ( Figure 5 ).

Conducting animal experiments is time-consuming and costly, leading to an increasing trend of using in vitro materials such as cell cultures or tissues as alternatives to animal testing.

In the case of Cabernet Sauvignon, the behaviour in the pomace did not show a significant trend during the ripening; final values were similar to those of sample point 1.

Increased sodium intake is consistent with an increasing trend in sodium intake observed in large observation studies in the last decade.

Ascomycota showed an increasing trend at stage D-2 but experienced a small decline at stage D-3 ( Figure 3 a).

It has been observed that an increasing trend of carcinoma in mice was caused by the intensified distribution of EC with ethanol [ 4 ].