Excerpts

Values of p < 0.01 was considered highly significant and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. 5.

As shown in Table 5 , a highly significant ( p < 0.05) correlation coefficient (0.85) was found between DPPH scavenging activity and TPC of the extracts, and the correlation coefficient between DPPH scavenging activity and TFC of the extracts was 0.674 ( p < 0.01).

Effect of pH on Partitioning of Serine Protease The main and quadratic effects of pH and interaction effect of pH and tie line length showed a highly significant ( p < 0.05) effect on purification factor of serine protease ( Table 1 ).

p -values were considered as being significant (*), very significant (**), or extremely significant (***/****) when <0.05, <0.01, or <0.001/0.0001, respectively. p -values > 0.05 were considered not significant (ns).

Of these 20 metabolites, only five showed nominally significant univariate differences between ME/CFS cases and controls (indole-3-propionic acid, aminomalonate, ornithine, leucine, and succinic acid; all p < 0.05), while the majority—including proline and indole-3-lactate, the constituents of the top-ranked interaction term—did not reach univariate significance in isolation ( p = 0.777 and p = 0.237, respectively).

However, only the associations with 4-hydroxy-L-proline showed a trend of significance ( p = 0.05) after adjustment for multiple testing. 3.

A borderline significant positive association between MLR and AST was observed in the combined cohort (r = 0.188, p = 0.050).

Despite limited overlap at the single-metabolite level between the two overall OC outcomes, we observed greater concordance at the pathway level: among nominally significant pathways (raw p < 0.05), arginine and proline metabolism and beta-alanine metabolism overlapped across the two outcomes ( Figure 1 E; Supplementary Table S4 ).

Although the rescue patterns in liver models were less pronounced than those seen in prostate and breast cells, Eb still showed modest protective effects, with modest significance emerging in specific comparisons ( p < 0.05).

LV2 treatment caused a partially significant shift toward less negative GP values, with statistical significance observed for most concentrations ( p < 0.05–0.0001), while the DMSO control also showed a small but statistically significant effect ( p = 0.019).

Given the group variability, however, differences between treatment groups were not quite significant [ANOVA, sham group not included, F (4, 57) = 2.45, p = 0.05].

With respect to wound-healing responses, BC-CFS enhanced the expression of the regenerative mediators Notch2, CCN1 (CCN family member 1) and DAGKc domain-containing protein, with highly significant increases ( p < 0.05, p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively). 2.6.

The expression of GRM1 mRNA in hypothalamic tissue was significantly higher than in pituitary and ovarian tissues, and exhibited higher expression during the estrous period compared to the non-estrous period, with these differences being highly significant ( p > 0.05) ( Figure 1 ). 2.2.

Serum TMAO, carnitine, and choline levels were significantly higher in patients with NMIBC than in controls ( p ≤ 0.0001), whereas betaine showed a nonsignificant trend toward higher levels ( p ≥ 0.05).

Significant differences and highly significant differences were considered at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively. 5.

*** indicates that p < 0.001 (extremely significant). ns = not significant ( p > 0.05). 5.

p < 0.05 indicates a significant difference, and p < 0.01 indicates an extremely significant difference. p > 0.05 indicates an insignificant difference.

For each AD–cancer pair, we prioritized genes that were nominally significant in both traits ( p < 0.05) and exhibited inverse TWAS Z scores.

Compared to the control groups, the miR-374b-5p mimic group showed a significant reduction in Vegfc mRNA expression ( Figure 1 E, p < 0.01), whereas the inhibitor group exhibited a nonsignificant trend toward increased Vegfc expression ( Figure 1 E, p > 0.05).

The difference in G6P content between the two cultivars was highly significant at 24 h ( p < 0.05), and this difference continued to widen with prolonged waterlogging.

There was also a moderately significant difference ( p = 0.05) in tetraantennary glycans—higher in women with PCOS compared to healthy controls ( Figure 1 M,N). 2.4.

Whenever applicable, a gene should show nominal significance (unadjusted p -value ≤ 0.05) and a concordant directionality for the effect estimate in sensitivity analyses, including the weighted median, MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO, while the MR-Egger intercept should not be nominally significant ( p -value ≥ 0.05).

Although not statistically significant, Mitf mRNA levels displayed a decreasing trend in the mimic group relative to the other groups ( Figure 1 E, p > 0.05).

In JB6 cells, the administration of 20 μg/mL and 40 μg/mL LQ interventions significantly decreased the level of TNF-α ( p < 0.05) ( Figure 3 D); the administration of 40 μg/mL LQ interventions significantly decreased the level of IL-1β ( p < 0.05) ( Figure 3 E); and the administration of LQ interventions failed to significantly decrease the level of IL-6, but it also followed an increase in dose and showed a decreasing trend ( p > 0.05) ( Figure 3 F). 2.4.

The levels of LPS, PG, PI and PS also showed an increasing trend in patients ( p < 0.05).