Nevertheless, the circulating insulin levels in diabetic IL-1r −/− were significantly decreased compared with non-diabetic counterparts, while a strong trend towards decreased levels was found in diabetic Tlr2 −/− and Casp1 −/− mice, even though it was not statically different.
Oxygen alone had a highly significant negative effect on the production of N 2 O ( Fig. 4a , Supplementary Table 3 : M7 versus M6).
Results of the cognitive screening test MoCA stayed in the normal range for patient 2, whereas patient 1 showed a trend of decrease in the MoCA score and developed a mild cognitive impairment during the study.
For example, fish species evolved in well-buffered systems such as the ocean may be more sensitive to variation in pH compared with fish in freshwater environments where seasonal fluctuations in pH may be significant.
Main effects of factors timing, F 3,24 =2.555, P =0.079, and group, F 1,8 =3.674, P =0.092, were close to significance.
3B , the H 2 evolution rate showed an increasing trend as the light intensity increased, and reached 3.98 mmol·cm −2 ·h −1 at 5 W·cm −2 with an appreciable turnover frequency (TOF) of 36,182 h −1 without any other energy inputs (Supplementary Fig.
Instead, for all CP-MAS results a clear trend I ( D )/ I ( L ) > 1 is observed indicating that the D enantiomer consistently inherits more polarization compared to the L enantiomer.
We observed a clear trend whereby an increased occurrence of mitotic aberrations correlated with a higher probability of DNA breakage in daughter cells ( Fig. 1a ).
Energy gaps of Mg 3 Sb 2− x Bi x show a decreasing trend from 0.43 to 0.08 eV as x increases from 0.5 to 1.5 ( Fig. 3b ), suggesting that the bipolar effect will be obvious when x >1.
This suggests that the fairly significant temperature difference between these sites ultimately does not influence their metabolic responses to elevated P CO2 , adding weight to the idea that the use of 15 °C did not cause bias by stressing the northernmost population.
Further below, at depth >300 m, the transition scale reverses to a decreasing trend with depth and this decrease in L t appears to be largely due to the weakening in internal wave KE level with depth ( Fig. 6h ).
All four sites were sampled across a wide range of elevations from valleys to summits and show an overall trend of increasing simple exposure 10 Be age with altitude ( Fig. 2a ).
FN-EDB expression has been documented in several tumour types, including HNSCC 13 , 14 for which multivariate analysis showed a trend towards significant lower overall survival (OS) 15 .
A trend of less body weight loss was noted in KO chimeric mice, although no statistical difference was apparent between the KO and WT groups ( Fig. 7c ).
Promoter enrichment was borderline significant, but not to the degree of recurrent or highly recurrent gained VELs.
With respect to the forested areas, there is a slight trend change after the Great Recession in most countries except Canada.
We found a nearly significant difference in hepatic GDF15 expression in patients with obesity and liver steatosis alone compared to patients with obesity but without steatosis, inflammation nor ballooning (Fig. 2F ).
In particular, we used a three-site class model, because we found a highly significant difference when compared with a discrete two-site class model, indicating heterogeneous levels of purifying selection within the protein domains.
We chose K =5 for our analyses because its cross-validation errors: (1) are relative low, (2) do not overlap much with the range of the previous K and (3) have highly significant difference compared with the previous K but not so much with the next K value ( Supplementary Fig. 9a ).
For species for which information is available, the number of levels across species indeed follows an increasing trend as a function of the effective population size, ranging from n =5 in humans with relatively small effective population size of ∼10 4 and correspondingly less efficient selection, n =8 in macaque with intermediate effective population size of the order of 10 5 , and n =10 in mice with the largest effective population size of ∼5 × 10 5 (refs 48 , 49 ).
We note that this implementation allows mood both to change gradually due to the aggregated effect of multiple outcomes as is considered typical for mood, or more rapidly, in response to a single highly significant outcome (as is more characteristic of emotions 31 ).
Conversely, approximately one-third of the DEGs followed a decreasing trend (Fig. 3D ).
However, the lower but still clearly significant decrease in cortical tissue stiffness at greater distances from the injury site (that is, 500–1,000 μm, corresponding to regions A′, C′ and D′ in Fig. 2 ), particularly in those regions containing myelinated fibres of the cingulum (regions medial to the scar, Fig. 3 and Supplementary Table 4 ), was mostly accompanied by an upregulation of glial intermediate filaments ( Fig. 5b, c and Supplementary Fig. 4b, c ).
4a ), which, although marginally significant, is an order of magnitude lower than our mean rate for both fractions (see Supplementary Table 1 ) and an order of magnitude greater than that determined with an ultrasensitive STOX sensor for raw, unadulterated, or non-concentrated, seawater of up to 0.085 μmol l −1 h −1 (ref. 65 ).
The acute hazard quotient has remained relatively steady in spring wheat, although a decreasing trend is apparent since 1998 ( Fig. 4 ).