Excerpts

Changes in hydrogen peroxide and superoxide showed a positive trend in the older group, but not the younger group.

The correlation between daily sodium intake and daily calorie intake was highly significant ( Figure 1 ).

A decreasing trend in the gut microbiota diversity in the placebo and synbiotic groups was observed at the end of trial, which may imply the effect of the high-protein low-carbohydrate diet used in the weight loss program.

Introduction An increasing trend toward plant-based diets and, in particular, vegan diets was observed in developed countries over the last few years [ 1 , 2 ].

No significant difference in these percentages ( p = 0.13) was observed among the districts, though a decreasing trend in moderate insufficiency was noted on moving from Genoa to Savona and the other districts.

However, although there was a clear trend toward an increased incidence of EDIF with lower serum 25(OH)D, no statistically significant difference was found among the three groups with different vitamin D status.

In the larger study, in both healthy and CKD patients there was a highly significant effect on body weight reduction and improved body composition seen through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bio-impedance analysis (BIA) between the two time points (end of conventional MD and end of organic MD).

Our children’s diets, on the contrary, showed a more appropriate intake of saturated and unsaturated fat after gluten exclusion with a favorable trend of the omega-6 to omega-3 ratio.

Of note, the PREP cells showed a considerably significant decrease in these markers suggesting protection against stress at the molecular level.

However, the ALA group showed a trend towards reduced villus spacing relative to the CTR group.

Values < 10% were considered a significant trend, and those < 5% were considered a significantdifference in two-tailed tests.

Associations between the father’s education level and intakes of processed seafood and dairy products were found, and presented a decreasing trend: children of higher educated fathers consumed less processed seafood and dairy products (all p for trends < 0.03).

Although an elevated trend in VCO2-derived energy expenditure can be seen graphically, statistical analysis was restricted due to a majority of extubated patients in later phases of the low group. 3.3.

There was an overall trend for increasing fruit consumption to be associated with lower prevalence of sarcopenia but this was largely driven by the trend among females ( Figure 1 ).

Adherence to the recommendation on red and processed meat was significantly inversely associated with breast cancer in the analyses adjusted for age, centre, and education, while results were marginally significant in fully adjusted analyses.

Other studies found non-significant or borderline significant inverse associations [ 21 , 39 ] or null associations with dietary WCRF/AICR scores [ 8 , 20 ].

In this current research, we found a decreasing trend in NEMI throughout the individual pregnancy periods.

Among these genera, Alistipes showed a highly significant inverse association with body fat mass and was also inversely correlated to cholesterol levels and insulin resistance in our cohort.

[ 38 ] found that particular genetic variants (vitamin D single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)) had nominally significant associations with both SBP and DBP.

The unsaponifiable fraction of the CBS fat is formed by compounds such as phytosterols, of which stigmasterol would be the predominant one, while cholesterol concentrations are almost insignificant when compared to those of cocoa beans [ 26 ].

HP treatment showed a trend towards an increase in the concentration of acetic acid in male mice.

Differences between the three CHO groups showed a trend towards statistical significance with lower total cholesterol levels in group 1 compared to the other two groups (group 2 vs. 1: 0.28 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.02 to 0.57 mmol/L, p = 0.066; group 3 vs. 1: 0.30 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.05 to 0.65 mmol/L, p = 0.086, Supplementary Figures S1A and S2B ).

In the UK study, the association of lower serum B12 with higher maternal BMI and insulin resistance was highly significant even after controlling for confounding effects of demographic and lifestyle factors.

Only high-density lipoprotein-associated cholesterol (cHDL) showed a slight trend towards better values in the control subjects, but as mentioned, the differences did not reach statistical significance.

Additionally, when stratified by dietary consumption, a significant association was observed between BMI categories and the odds ratio for experiencing climacteric symptoms; among subjects with increased consumption of dietary fat, subjects with overweight or obesity showed an increasing trend in the odds ratio for experiencing climacteric symptoms compared with those subjects at a normal weight, whereas the subjects with low consumption of dietary fat did not have an increased adjusted odds ratio for experiencing climacteric symptoms according to BMI categories.