Excerpts

In mixed glia, indole pyruvate and hydroxy-phenylpyruvate both significantly increased expression of NQO-1, and hydroxy-phenylpyruvate also showed a trend toward increased GSR expression.

Going well along with an increased inflammatory response of BMDMs ( Figure 3 ), SIRT3/5 −/− whole blood produced more G-CSF and showed a trend toward producing more IL-1α, IL-6, and IFNγ than SIRT3/5 +/+ whole blood ( Figure 4F ).

Based on inverse proportions of eosinophils, macrophage numbers also appear to be higher in the granulomas of naturally-infected wild water rats ( Nectomys squamipes ) than in chronic granulomas of experimentally-infected mice ( 133 ), indicating that there may be significant differences between experimental and natural granuloma formation that must be taken into account.

We found that neuropilin-1 low RORγt − Foxp3 + peripheral Treg cells (Nrp-1 low RoRγt − Treg cells) showed a trend toward a decrease in PPs of GF-AF mice ( Supplemental Figure 4A ).

For example, ozone measured at Mt Waliguan Observatory (a global “background” site) on the Tibetan Plateau over the period of 1994–2013 has shown an increasing trend at 0.2–0.3 ppb per year during spring and autumn ( 11 ).

While annual PM 2.5 average concentrations showed a decreasing trend in many cities of China ( 12 ), ground-level ozone concentrations measured in some monitoring sites in China showed an increasing trend in the past several years.

Mice vaccinated with both AdV-260 and AdV-451 had a highly significant decrease in infectious virus compared to controls.

After addition of C4 to the harvested cell culture supernatant, highly significant C4 activation was detected in fibroblast supernatant of pEDS patients (median 40.79 ng/ml, interquartile range 29.51–54.08).

IL-1β secretion showed a trend in reduction in spontaneous and stimulated whole blood assay of IL10KO/IL37tg mice ( Figure 2B ).

The “Top 10 Results” from GO-term enrichment analysis of the biological processes predominantly involved identified highly significant changes in gene signatures associated with cell cycle, nuclear cell division, and chromosome segregation ( Figure 3C ).

A robust decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines for IL-1ß and IL-1α was observed with CC-C1q complexes, and a decreasing trend for IL-6 and TNFα secretion.

All comparisons were highly significant by adjusted p -values ( Figure 4B , Supplementary Table 1g ).

Although a negative trend was evident in the majority of the demographic parameters, the 5-year death censored graft survival improved significantly across all donor age groups from 1997–2006 to 2007–2016, including younger recipients aged 18–64-years as well as older recipients aged ≥65-years ( Figure 2 ).

T CM CD4+ while N2 showed a trend vs.

We observed an overall trend toward reduction of ipsilateral brain tissue volume loss of 13–66% across all 6 forebrain regions in the LPS-treated global properdin deletion group ( Figure 2H ) compared to LPS-treated wild type controls ( Figure 2G ) (main effect, p < 0.05, Kruskal-Wallis test), however the data reached significant values only in cortex and pyriform cortex (Bonferroni correction, p < 0.05).

Specifically, an increasing trend that did not reach significance in the percentage of intracellular IFN-γ was detected in CD4 + T cells with the higher percentage of intracellular IFN-γ detected within CD8 + T cells from mice vaccinated with CPA 160−189 -loaded p8-PLGA nanoparticles as compared to PBS- and p8-PLGA nanoparticle-vaccinated mice ( p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively) ( Figures 2G,H ).

The PPI network consisting of 271 nodes that interacted with 729 edges and an enrichment p < 1.0e − 16, identified a highly significant enrichment for “immune system” (MMU-168256; FDR 1.39E-24), “innate immune system” (MMU-168249; FDR 5.39E-22) and “neutrophil degranulation” (MMU-6798695; FDR 8.81E-18) ( Figure 7 ) further verifying the above analysis.

Importantly, systemic IgG responses may be significant in preventing inflammation in those with IgA deficiency as a consequence of microbial dysbiosis ( 107 ).

When we performed the multivariate analysis, only recipient age and DGF were clinical factors significantly associated with increased risk of CMV infection; and for immunotherapy, only the protective effect of imTOR was close to significance ( Table 4 ).

This observation predicts that the NK cell-mediated anti-leukemia effect would be greatest in individuals with HLA-C alleles lacking NK-Pro activity ( HLA-C * 02, -C * 05, -C * 07, -C * 08, -C * 17 ) and lowest in individuals that possess HLA-C * 06 together with the C2-binding KIR2DL1 inhibitory receptor, a factor that may be significant when choosing donors for stem cell transplantation.

Quantification of CNS infiltrating CD4 + T cells ( Figure 6K ) showed a trend toward reduction of the numbers of CD4 + T cells in the brain of ICAM-1/-2 −/− mice suffering from either typical and atypical EAE.

Comparison of haplotype frequencies between patients and fertile controls revealed a highly significant association of A-C-del ( p corr < 0.001), A-G-del ( p corr < 0.001), and G-C-ins ( p corr < 0.001) haplotypes with infertility, while G-C-del ( p corr < 0.001), G-G-del ( p corr = 0.027), and A-C-ins ( p corr = 0.022) haplotypes with protection against disease ( Table 3 ).

Although not significant, stimulation with HIV-1 Cap-RNA 630 showed a trend toward increased IL12A expression compared to HIV-1 Cap-RNA 58 after 6, 8, and 10 h of stimulation, and to a trend of increased IL27A expression after 10 h ( Figure 5D ).

TLR3 activation via PolyIC treatment caused a slight trend to downregulate miR-221-3p and miR-27a-3p in M2-macrophages, but did not affect miR-155-5p.

Quantitative analysis of Western blot analysis showed a trend of reduction in the ratio of p-p38/p38 MAPK and NLRP3/GAPDH in the aCALR pre-treated BMDMs ( Supplemental Figure 2E ).