Excerpts

S1e ) together with a strong trend toward reduced vS1 selectivity during the stimulus period ( P < 0.01, n = 21 and 31 sessions for control and APP-KI mice, respectively, one-tailed bootstrap without a multiple-comparison correction method, Fig. 1e ).

Based on the obtained results, the data was considered not significant (P≥0.05), significant * (P≤0.05), highly significant ** (P≤0.01), or very highly significant *** (P≤0.001).

3b ) and a meta-analysis of the two agents revealed highly significant decreases ( P <0.01, n =25, one-sided analysis of variance (ANOVA), percentages±s.d.; statistical details in Fig. 3 legend and Methods) in the αS60:14 ratio for A30P (77.5±15.5% of WT, that is, a 22.5% decrease), E46K (61.7±10.1% of WT, a 38.3% decrease), G51D (47.8±10.0% of WT, a 52.2% decrease) and A53T (66.5±10.4% of WT, a 33.5% decrease).

The following criteria were used to identify the best-fit model for each crop–region yield trend: highly significant (Student’s t -test; P <0.01) model parameters, highest r 2 and lowest r.m.s.e. compared with other models, and independent, normally distributed yield residuals with homogenous variance and unbiased distribution when residuals were plotted against year ( Fig. 4 ).

Memory condition (AM+/AM−) remained a highly significant predictor in both a Gaussian linear mixed model (estimate = 0.473, t = 4.793, p < 0.01) and a Poisson generalised linear mixed model (estimate = 0.195, t = 6.651, p < 0.01).

The difference between the two groups was considered statistically significant when * p < 0.05, or highly significant when ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001, or not significant (n.s.) when p > 0.05.

While standard differential expression analysis comparing control and treated rats identified 0 genes with adjusted p value < 0.05, a targeted approach focusing on the members of the CP/CPPS-proximal interaction network identified 5 genes with a nominally significant p value < 0.01.

A test of the trends in residuals against a null hypothesis of a distribution about a mean of zero indicates highly significant negative trends in the two cloudy sectors ( P <0.01), significant negative trends in the clear-warm sector ( P =0.03), and no trend in the clear-cold sector.

While cytokine pathway signal differs by treatment, all tested prioritized candidates—except RGS14 —show nominally significant ( t test, P < 0.01) signal in at least one treatment condition (Supplementary Fig. 9b ).

There was a highly significant difference in cell markers among the MOL1 and MOL2 groups (all p < 0.01; Fig. 2a, b ; Supplementary Fig. 9a, b ).

In this case, the effect size remains similar ( β 1 =−0.0033, s.e.=0.0013), but is only marginally significant ( P =0.0101, F -test).

In addition, carbapenamase genes were also significantly associated with infection, and extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) approached significance ( P = 0.011; Table 3 ).

We next compared the frequency of TOX expressing T EM cells over time and observed a significant trend toward increasing cell frequency among patients with non-sustained MRD negativity and prior HDM-ASCT (Wilcoxon rank-sum test P = 0.011, Fig. 3b ).

The heavy chains of mAbs, but not the light chains, showed a significant trend ( P =0.012) to greater divergence from germline with increased time between infection and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) collection ( Fig. 8e ).

6f ), which is, however, only marginally statistically significant (HR = 3.26, P -value = 0.012, log-rank test).

While this QTL was marginally significant ( p = 1.28 × 10 −2 ), it was found only using three-year averages, and the locus was not significantly associated with YAD in the data from individual years.

The reduction in viral load was nominally significant for patients whose virus carried TOPs at sites NS2 119 ( P = 0.013), NS2 132 ( P = 0.018) or NS3 67 ( P = 0.029) relative to those whose virus did not carry the TOPs at these sites.

Further, there was marginally significant enrichment of CD14 cell-specific DHSs (OR = 2.42, Fisher’s exact P = 0.013; Supplementary Data 7 ) in the peripheral blood-fetal brain list.

A combined analysis revealed that the reduction in neurite complexity in patient organoids was highly significant with respect to number of branchpoints ( t -test, P = 0.013, Fig. 4b , upper left), neurite length ( t -test, P = 0.0209, Fig. 4b , upper middle) and number of primary neurites ( t -test, P = 0.0038, Fig. 4b , upper right).

In support of our previous findings, we detected a highly significant increase in expression of MBP (>100-fold, P =0.013) ( Fig. 5c ), which led to increased MBP protein levels in differentiated oligodendroglia cells detected by immunostaining and immunoblotting ( Fig. 5h–j ).

There was a significant trend towards mutual exclusivity between TP53 loss and mutations in ARID1A (Fisher’s exact test, p -value = 0.013), affecting 15% of indolent and 17% of dysplastic samples (Fig. 2f and Supplementary Fig.

Notably, ANO10 (c.203-2 AG > G) heterozygous carriers also exhibited a nominally significant reduction in full-arm length (Mann–Whitney U test, p- value = 0.0139, Fig. 3d ), although the association test ( p- value = 4.12 × 10 −5 ) did not surpass the level of significance required by Bonferroni correction, likely because the correction approach is highly conservative and would tend to “overcorrect” the variants in the context of a mild or small effect 48 .

Although only nominally significant in the gender-heart failure interaction analysis ( P = 0.014), in a separate analysis within males and females, TMAO was elevated in male ICM (FC = 1.95, adjusted p value = 0.018) and DCM (FC = 1.96, adjusted p value = 0.026) compared to male donor hearts, whereas it was not significantly different between female HF and female donor hearts.

Although the latency difference between stimulation and non-stimulation trials reached marginal significance at the population level ( n = 56 sites, z = -2.45, p = 0.014; two-tailed Wilcoxon signed-rank test), the difference was small, and only one of the 56 stimulation sites showed a significant effect ( p < 0.05; two-tailed Wilcoxon rank-sum test).

X-linked d N / d S is greater though marginally non-significant for X-linked genes (86 genes, permutation test with 1,000 replicates, P =0.067) relative to the autosomes (4,755 genes), due to a marginally significant increase in d N (permutation test with 1000 replicates, P =0.014) ( Supplementary Table 6 , Supplementary Fig. 5 ).