Excerpts

Moon et al., it suggests with borderline significance that vitamin D supplementation in children with the lowest 25(OH)D concentrations <14 ng/mL would benefit the whole body and lumbar spine BMD [ 25 ].

IL6 showed a decreasing trend, but no significant difference was observed ( Figure 5 C).

Fat intake showed an increasing trend, particularly among pregnant and lactating women.

Behaviorally, BCBL-treated mice showed a trend toward better performance in memory tests (Y-maze and novel object recognition).

Regarding the reduction in the number of awakenings, the diazepam group showed a statistically significant difference compared to the model group, whereas the high-dose BCBL group exhibited a decreasing trend that did not reach statistical significance.

Western blot analysis showed that although the phosphorylation of AMPK (p-AMPK) exhibited an increasing trend in the MG5012- and MG741-treated groups compared to the HFD group, this difference did not reach statistical significance ( Figure 4 F,I).

Regarding legume intake, there was a statistical trend for lower weekly consumption in HFI patients compared to the healthy control subjects (2.04 times weekly [0.65–7] in healthy controls and 1.17 times weekly [0.87–4.38] in HFI patients; p = 0.054). 3.4.

The forest plot ( Figure 3 ) displays a pooled effect estimate above 1, indicating a favorable trend toward probiotic benefit, although the lack of statistical significance and the limited number of studies warrant cautious interpretation. 3.3.

High AS intake was also associated with greater food fussiness (β = 1.45, 95% CI: 0.38, 2.53; p = 0.008), while medium AS intake was positively associated with satiety responsiveness (β = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.01, 1.52; p = 0.048), with a marginally significant association observed for high intake.

Higher AS intake was associated with greater emotional overeating (β = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.04, 1.12; p = 0.035), with a significant trend across intake categories ( p trend = 0.033).

Kaempferol showed a decreasing trend at concentrations above 10 μM ( Figure 2 A).

Despite the small sample size and the short supplementation time, significant and near-significant changes in several POMS scale were noted [ 86 ].

A marginal trend for higher non-refined cereal and lower red meat intake was also apparent.

Lastly, a one-unit increase in B2-flavin concentrations was associated with higher block design T-scores (β = 2.72, 95% CI: 0.16, 5.27, heterogeneity p -value = 0.01) in girls and marginally significant lower block design T-scores in boys (β = −3.01, −6.55, 0.53). 4.

For metabolic variables examining fat oxidation across 30 studies, sequential exclusion revealed no influential outliers, with pooled fat oxidation increase remaining highly significant (Cohen’s d = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.42–2.02) after excluding the study with the largest effect (Volek et al., which showed a 2.3-fold increase [ 7 ]), indicating robust findings across independent investigations.

In accordance with the above-reported studies, the ashwagandha (KSM66)-treated group had a highly significant improvement in muscle strength when tested with the bench press exercise and leg extension exercise.

However, an alternative dietary index (AHEI-2010) showed a trend toward reduced colorectal cancer mortality.

However, cross-sectional analysis found marginal significance for the rs7903146 association with waist circumference (TT: 83.5 ± 20.1 cm vs.

Although Gata3 expression exhibited a decreasing trend, this difference was not statistically significant.

Specifically, compared to the control group, OVA-challenged mice exhibited a trend toward decreased relative abundances of Lactobacillus and Odoribacter , whereas the abundances of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136 and Alistipes showed an increasing trend.

This microbial restructuring was closely associated with a modulated cecal metabolic profile, as untargeted metabolomics exhibited a clear trend toward the restoration of key systemically active immunoregulatory metabolites, including indolelactic acid (ILA) and choline, which have been previously linked to the alleviation of AAI symptoms.

Within the scope of the current study, although BAX—one of the apoptosis-related markers—showed an increasing trend with prenatal VPA exposure, the differences between groups were not statistically significant.

As for the sex-stratified trends, an approximately decreasing trend was discovered in males, with small- scale fluctuations, whereas an increasing trend was observed in females.

The divergence in adjusted scores became more apparent at later dinner times (≥9:00 p.m.); however, given the marginal significance of the interaction, these findings should be interpreted cautiously and warrant confirmation in future studies.

p Values between 0.05 and 0.10 were considered to indicate a statistical trend [ 45 ].