Excerpts

Since both main effects and their interaction appeared to be highly significant ( p < 0.01), the Tukey‒Kramer method was used for all subsequent pairwise comparisons of interest, with a significance level of α = 5%.

For water intake, the main effect of time was highly significant ( F (3,48) = 417.814, p < 0.01), with both linear ( F (1,16) = 869.200, p < 0.01) and quadratic ( F (1,16) = 25.968, p < 0.01) components.

Lactobacillus was significantly positively correlated with MG and SOD, Desulfovibrio was significantly positively correlated with SOD ( p < 0.05), and Desulfovibrio was highly significant positive correlated with MG ( p < 0.01).

However, based on the highly significant p -value in the entire group ( p = 0.01), the trend towards lowering in men, the very high dose of CSO given, and our experience with the animal data, we do not believe this to be the case. 5.

Furthermore, we observed a pattern, even if non-significant, of fatty acid synthase (FAS) to decrease ( Figure 7 ), FAS-associated protein with death domain (FADD) ( Figure 8 ) and, of peculiar interest, highly significant ( p < 0.01) adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) immunostaining ( Figure 9 ). 3.2.

The between-subjects effects of EPA status were significant for the second trial (T2) ( F (2,100) = 6.096, p = 0.003) and reached borderline significance for T3 ( F (2,100) = 4.825, p = 0.010) after Bonferroni correction of the significance level ( p < 0.01).

No genes remained significant after multiple testing correction; however, nominally significant candidates ( p < 0.01) highlighted pathways related to steroidogenesis and metabolic regulation.

One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the significance of differences, and a value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant; highly significant differences were indicated at p < 0.01.

Differences between treatment means were considered significant at p < 0.05 and extremely significant at p < 0.01.

In the C2C3 group, only products labeled for calories showed a significant trend change ( p < 0.01), which decreased with the intervention.

Notably, the UC + Glutamine group displayed a markedly elevated GSH concentration (81.89 ± 0.02), representing a highly significant increase compared with all other groups ( p < 0.01). 3.5.

A similar trend was observed for both GCA and GUDCA; however, such relationships did not reach statistical significance ( p < 0.01).

Results : In the total population, a marginally significant positive correlation was observed between mtDNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) and serum 25(OH)D 3 levels (r = 0.210; p = 0.010), which did not remain significant after Bonferroni correction.

Histomorphometric Analyses In the morphometric analysis of the perimeter (μm) (mean ± SD) of the muscle fibers, the comparison between group R (health control) versus all other groups highlighted a statistically highly significant hypertrophy in groups R-DS and HFEVO-DS ( p < 0.01) and a statistically highly significant hypotrophy in group HFB-DR ( p < 0.01).

The changes within each group were highly significant ( p < 0.01) whereas no significant differences could be observed between the groups.

Alcohol Consumption and Cognitive Performance Only for the spatial span task, and only for Wave 1, there was a borderline significant positive association between alcohol consumption and cognitive performance ( p = 0.011).

However, the participants in the AA trial showed a trend of faster stroke rate in the first ( p = 0.011) and second lap ( p = 0.011 and 0.002, respectively, according to paired t -test), compared to those in the PL trial.

A significant trend was observed in the subscale Enjoyment of Food and Emotional Overeating in children with obesity ( p = 0.011 and p = 0.008), abdominal obesity ( p = 0.031 and p = 0.017), and cardiometabolic risk ( p = 0.036 and p = 0.049) in the non-EBF group, compared to those who were EBF up to 6 months of age.

Familiarity with Nutri-Score increased monotonically across educational strata, from 30.5% in upper-secondary/vocational respondents to 33.3% in post-secondary non-tertiary, 38.7% in university, and 48.4% in postgraduate respondents, with a significant trend across ordered educational levels (Spearman ρ = 0.14, p = 0.012); the omnibus four-group χ 2 did not reach significance (χ 2 = 6.27, df = 3, p = 0.099), consistent with a graded rather than threshold effect.

Results: After adjusting for covariates, a significant trend was found between the dietary iron and elevated fasting glucose ( p = 0.012), whereas no such trend was observed for the rs864745 ( p = 0.932).

In general, we reported a positive trend of GWG across tertiles of the Western dietary pattern (β = 1.217; SE = 0.487; p = 0.013).

Further, the interaction between smoking and age was marginally significant (IRR 0.99, 95% CI 0.98–1.00, p = 0.014).

Considering the Bonferroni correction at p < 0.01, there was a borderline significant ( p = 0.015) decrease in the mean total of vegetables that children had never tried or were not sure if they tried between preprogram (1.82 ± 1.84) and post-program (0.95 ± 1.33).

Overall UPF intake showed a decreasing trend across skill levels, with the “very adequate” group consuming significantly fewer servings than the “very inadequate” group did ( p = 0.015).

At the genus level, the abundance of bifidobacteria increased with borderline significance from V0 to V1 ( p = 0.016; FDR = 0.157) and V4 ( p = 0.046; FDR = 0.137) ( Figure 6 C).