Excerpts

A trend towards significance was also found between total energy intake and sweetness intensity for all the other sweeteners as well.

It has been observed that, using this kind of methodology, there may be significant overestimation of actual use and understanding of labels [ 24 ].

Individuals with recurrent acute and chronic pouchitis were characterised as having significantly lower intake of vitamin A, cryptoxanthin and lycopene, and for β-carotene a close-to-significant difference was observed.

The Army study [ 20 ] found a nonsignificant trend indicating that those participating in resistance training consumed less caffeine.

For the “Healthy diet”, a clear trend was not evident.

Those SNPs showing significant (or near significance) associations in one of the obesity strata were selected for combination in the corresponding obesity-specific GRS (nobGRS and obGRS).

It had been proposed that insertion had no effect on the enzyme activity [ 109 ] and assessed on its own, its effect on Hcy is inconsistent: while some found no effect on Hcy [ 61 , 70 ], others showed a trend towards lower levels at least in specific subpopulations [ 59 , 60 , 66 , 89 , 110 ].

There might also be an interaction between the different genotypes: in non-Hispanic whites homozygous for MTHFR 677T, there was a significant trend towards lower Hcy levels with increasing numbers of copies of 66G, which was not the case for the 677CC or CT genotypes [ 66 ].

Non-significant and borderline significant results were shown relevant to the risk of cognitive impairment/decline (0.76 (0.50, 1.17)) and dementia (0.70 (0.48, 1.02)).

The other food group determinants of Apo parameter concentrations and ratios (i.e., those that reached the Bonferroni-corrected significance level and remained at least nominally significant in the mutually adjusted model) were as follows: high ApoA1 = high intake of fish (women), butter-based fat (women and men), eggs (men), and processed meat (men) and low intake of low-sugar grains/cereals (women and men) and ice cream (men); high ApoB = high intake of potato (women) and non-processed meat (men) and low intake of low-sugar grains (women and men) and ice cream (women); and the ApoB/A1 ratio = high intake of potato (women) and low intake of ice cream (women).

The wider age range among Cambodian infants (3 to 27 weeks) allowed for the exploration of associations in infant age revealing a borderline significant inverse relationship with infant age and infant B12 status.

When food insecurity, diet quality, and potentially inadequate intakes were simultaneously analysed with adjustment for covariates, food insecurity, poor diet quality, and suboptimal intakes of protein (marginal significance), folate, and iron all independently predicted poor mental health.

A meta-analysis [ 33 ] found a marginally significant inverse association for each 4 g/day greater intake of fiber fruit with CVD (HR 0.96 (95% CI 0.93–1.00)), but another meta-analysis that included one further publication [ 3 ] found a clearly decreased risk of 8% (95% CI 2%–14%) for CHD.

Between the ‘previous’ and the ‘start’ observation time points, no difference between the functional and the control bread groups were observed, both groups showing a slight trend (albeit insignificant) towards worsening of HbA 1 c.

For example, mice fed a soy diet rich in LA, which can be converted into AA endogenously, showed a trend towards reduced 2-AG levels in the brain, instead of the anticipated increase [ 33 ].

The composition of human milk is highly dependent upon lactational stage, which was highly significant in the multivariate regression analyses.

In same line, we have found a higher rate of increased overweight/obese among pre-pubertal boys with a decreasing trend towards pubertal/post-pubertal boys.

control one; but interestingly, a highly significant increase in Vit C level in the control female group as compared to both control as well as schizophrenic male group was observed.

Taxonomic bins at the phylum level showed that the DSS-treated mice treated with DSS showed a trend to harbor higher proportions of Firmicutes , and lower proportion of Bacteroidetes ( Figure 5 B).

Oral TG-DHA treatment ameliorated EAE course and severity ( Figure 6 A) as compared to EAE-untreated animals, and especially at 250 mg/kg/day the effect was highly significant from day 15 of treatment ( Figure 6 A).

There was an indication of publication bias from Egger’s test ( p = 0.001); the summary risk estimate was marginally significant after the use of “trim and fill” method (RR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.78–1.08).

The TOHP follow-up study also found there was a significant trend for the CVD risk regarding the gender-specific quartiles of the Na/K ratio (HR = 1.00, 0.84, 1.18, and 1.50, p -trend = 0.04) [ 62 ].

In contrast to the reduction of plasma lipids in response to walnut supplementation observed in WT mice, MetS-Tg mice demonstrated a strong trend for increased cholesterol and triglycerides with walnuts.

Sex and having a job were not associated with the prevalence of adherence to MDP, although this latter was almost significant.

Statistical significance of the findings was as follows: p -value < 0.05 was considered significant, while p -value ≥ 0.05 and < 0.1 was considered marginally significant. 3.