Excerpts

Predominant gut-associated archaea show an increasing trend in certain diseases, such as CRC Next, we investigated if specific archaeal species are more prevalent in disease compared to the control.

In contrast, CX3CR1 low were linked to increased CD4 + T cell activation, proliferation, and exhaustion, and showed a trend toward Th1 expansion and enhanced CD4 + T cell recruitment.

** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 and **** P < 0.0001 were considered highly significant. ns, not significant.

For the more recent period of 2019–2022, GEDI-derived canopy height estimates also showed a decreasing trend (−0.09 m y − 1), but substantial uncertainty remains in characterizing grassland canopy height (Supplementary Fig. 8 ).

Similarly, grassland canopy height with FHD below 2.47 exhibited a negative trend (Fig. 6b ).

TCA cycle intermediates such as alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and succinate showed a trend of reduction in BCKA-treated β-cells (Supplementary Fig. 16c ).

Interestingly, under UV irradiation, the complex of MA and TCNB made by grinding in different ratios exhibited a clear trend: the fluorescence changes from yellow to green with increasing TCNB content.

More importantly, the observed IHTC is predominantly affected by AER and NAT, exhibiting a negative trend.

Most CMIP6 models exhibit a decreasing trend in IHWC and, consequently, an increasing trend in IHTC, which contradicts the observed negative IHTC trend (Figs. 1g and 3a ).

The observations indicate an overall decreasing trend in IHTC with strong multidecadal variability, while the modeled IHTC largely shows a positive trend on top of the multidecadal variability.

The observed HC and ITCZ also covary with the IHTC, showing an overall trend opposite to that of the model simulation.

This challenge is likely to be significant due to the high surface-to-volume ratio of 2D materials, rendering interfacial adhesion energy particularly sensitive to environmental exposure.

Consistent with prior findings 12 , activation of the pathway by RNAi knockdown of the phosphatase vhp-1 or overexpression of sek-1 and atf-7 showed a trend toward increased catp-3 mRNA expression, suggesting that p38–ATF-7 signaling may contribute to catp-3 transcriptional regulation (Fig. 5a ).

However, a notable trend emerges with ZSM-5-650: the selectivity toward ethylene, the primary dehydration product, decreases as the temperature increases.

While total ubiquitylated protein levels showed a trend toward decreased accumulation, K48-linked polyubiquitylated protein levels were significantly reduced in NACET-treated brains (Fig. 5D , Fig.

EC prediction performance showed a trend toward higher values during renewal compared to acquisition; however, renewal did not differ significantly from either acquisition or extinction after correction for multiple comparisons ( z s < 1.55, p s FDR > .10).

Similarly, in the behavioural studies, learning was highly significant at the group level during both acquisition ( z = 19.75, p FDR s < .001, d = .37, CIs = [.61, .75]) and extinction ( z = 16.11, p FDR s < .001, d = .53, CIs = [.84, 1.07]), with only 2 out of 180 individuals showing slight negative trends (see Fig. 3E ).

In our cross-cohort meta-analysis we observe a trend towards protective associations with several cardiometabolic traits, including a nominally significant association with lower waist-to-hip ratio following adjustment for BMI—a phenotype causally linked to cardiometabolic health 47 , 48 —and a borderline significant association with reduced HbA1C levels (Supplementary Fig. 4 ), which may warrant further investigation.

By contrast, mice with Htr2c loss-of-function in D2-MSNs showed a trend toward increased locomotor sensitization and exhibited an enhanced place preference for cocaine compared to Rosa26 controls (D2-sgHtr2c and D2-sgRosa, respectively; Fig. 3g–j ).

A possible trend is observed for the total macroscopic accumulated slip, in which smaller events tend to occur at earlier stages of the experiment, while larger events become more frequent at later stages (Supplementary Fig.

A clear trend emerges as particle size decreases to the few-nanometer scale, δ typically falls below 15%.

In the baseline model including all buildings (Table 2 ), we observe a positive coefficient for the interaction term Office × P o s t ( β = 0.151) that is weakly significant at the 10% level.

We further used Jensen-Shannon divergence (JSD) scores to identify differentially deviated TF motifs across pseudotime between control and Tcf21 -KO ChromVar distributions, finding significant differences in many core TF motifs including Zeb, Klf, Runx1/2, AP-1, Srf, and Ctcf, while Tcf21 was borderline significant (padj = 0.10) (Fig. 5B ).

This observation may be specific to molybdoenzymes or potentially reflect an overall trend in the rise of oxidoreductases alongside changes in atmospheric oxygen levels.

The Kruskal-Wallis test results demonstrate highly significant effects for both action type and emotion type across key parameters.